WhispererRealtimeVolumeLibrary "WhispererRealtimeVolume"
▮ Overview
The Whisperer Realtime Volume Library is a lightweight and reusable Pine Script® library designed for real-time volume analysis.
It calculates up, down, and neutral volumes dynamically, making it an essential tool for traders who want to gain deeper insights into market activity.
This library is a simplified and modular version of the original "Realtime Volume Bars w Market Buy/Sell/Neutral split & Mkt Delta" indicator by the_MarketWhisperer , tailored for integration into custom scripts.
How bars are classified
- Up Bars
If the current bar’s closing price is higher than the previous bar’s closing price, it is classified as an up bar.
Volume handling:
The increase in volume for this bar is added to the up volume.
This represents buying pressure.
- Down Bars
If the current bar’s closing price is lower than the previous bar’s closing price, it is classified as a down bar.
Volume handling:
The increase in volume for this bar is added to the down volume.
This represents selling pressure.
- Neutral Bars
If the current bar’s closing price is the same as the previous bar’s closing price, it is classified as a neutral bar.
Volume handling:
If neutral volume is enabled, the volume is added to the neutral volume.
If neutral volume is not enabled, the volume is assigned to the same direction as the previous bar (up or down). If the previous direction is unknown, it is added to the neutral volume.
▮ What to look for
Real-Time Volume Calculation : Analyze up, down, and neutral volumes in real-time based on price movements and bar volume.
Customizable Start Line : Add a visual reference line to your chart for better context by viewing the starting point of real-time bars.
Ease of Integration : Designed as a library for seamless use in other Pine Script® indicators or strategies.
▮ How to use
Example code:
//@version=6
indicator("Volume Realtime from Whisperer")
import andre_007/WhispererRealtimeVolume/4 as MW
MW.displayStartLine(startLineColor = color.gray, startLineWidth = 1, startLineStyle = line.style_dashed,
displayStartLine = true, y1=volume, y2=volume + 10)
= MW.mw_upDownVolumeRealtime(true)
plot(volume, style=plot.style_columns, color=color.gray)
plot(volumeUp, style=plot.style_columns, color=color.green)
plot(volumeDown, style=plot.style_columns, color=color.red)
plot(volumeNeutral, style=plot.style_columns, color=color.purple)
▮ Credits
This library is inspired by the original work of the_MarketWhisperer , whose "Realtime Volume Bars" indicator served as the foundation.
Link to original indicator :
Поиск скриптов по запросу "bar"
Anchored Darvas Box## ANCHORED DARVAS BOX
---
### OVERVIEW
**Anchored Darvas Box** lets you drop a single timestamp on your chart and build a Darvas-style consolidation zone forward from that exact candle. The indicator freezes the first user-defined number of bars to establish the range, verifies that price respects that range for another user-defined number of bars, then waits for the first decisive breakout. The resulting rectangle captures every tick of the accumulation phase and the exact moment of expansion—no manual drawing, complete timestamp precision.
---
### HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Nicolas Darvas’s 1950s box theory tracked institutional accumulation by hand-drawing rectangles around tight price ranges. A trade was triggered only when price escaped the rectangle.
The anchored version preserves Darvas’s logic but pins the entire sequence to a user-chosen candle: perfect for analysing a market open, an earnings release, FOMC minute, or any other catalytic bar.
---
### ALGORITHM DETAIL
1. **ANCHOR BAR**
*You provide a timestamp via the settings panel.* The script waits until the chart reaches that bar and records its index as **startBar**.
2. **RANGE DEFINITION — BARS 1-7**
• `rangeHigh` = highest high of bars 1-7 plus optional tolerance.
• `rangeLow` = lowest low of bars 1-7 minus optional tolerance.
3. **RANGE VALIDATION — BARS 8-14**
• Price must stay inside ` `.
• Any violation aborts the test; no box is created.
4. **ARMED STATE**
• If bars 8-14 hold the range, two live guide-lines appear:
– **Green** at `rangeHigh`
– **Red** at `rangeLow`
• The script is now “armed,” waiting indefinitely for the first true breakout.
5. **BREAKOUT & BOX CREATION**
• **Up breakout** =`high > rangeHigh` → rectangle drawn in **green**.
• **Down breakout**=`low < rangeLow` → rectangle drawn in **red**.
• Box extends from **startBar** to the breakout bar and never updates again.
• Optional labels print the dollar and percentage height of the box at its left edge.
6. **OPTIONAL COOLDOWN**
• After the box is painted the script can stay silent for a user-defined number of bars, letting you study the fallout without another range immediately arming on top of it.
---
### INPUT PARAMETERS
• **ANCHOR TIME** – Precise yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM:SS that seeds the sequence.
• **BARS TO DEFINE RANGE** – Default 7; affects both definition and validation windows.
• **OPTIONAL TOLERANCE** – Absolute price buffer to ignore micro-wicks.
• **COOLDOWN BARS AFTER BREAKOUT** – Pause length before the indicator is allowed to re-anchor (set to zero to disable).
• **SHOW BOX DISTANCE LABELS** – Toggle to print Δ\$ and Δ% on every completed box.
---
### USER WORKFLOW
1. Add the indicator, open settings, and set **ANCHOR TIME** to the candle you care about (e.g., “2025-04-23 09:30:00” for NYSE open).
2. Watch live as the script:
– Paints the seven-bar range.
– Draws validation lines.
– Locks in the box on breakout.
3. Use the box boundaries as structural stops, targets, or context for further trades.
---
### PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
• **OPENING RANGE BREAKOUTS** – Anchor at the first second of the session; capture the initial 7-bar range and trade the first clean break.
• **EVENT STUDIES** – Anchor at a news candle to measure immediate post-event volatility.
• **VOLUME PROFILE FUSION** – Combine the anchored box with VPVR to see if the breakout occurs at a high-volume node or a low-liquidity pocket.
• **RISK DISCIPLINE** – Stop-loss can sit just inside the opposite edge of the anchored range, enforcing objective risk.
---
### ADVANCED CUSTOMISATION IDEAS
• **MULTIPLE ANCHORS** – Clone the indicator and anchor several boxes (e.g., London open, New York open).
• **DYNAMIC WINDOW** – Switch the 7-bar fixed length to a volatility-scaled length (ATR percentile).
• **STRATEGY WRAPPER** – Turn the indicator into a `strategy{}` script and back-test anchored boxes on decades of data.
---
### FINAL THOUGHTS
Anchored Darvas Boxes give you Darvas’s timeless range-break methodology anchored to any candle of interest—perfect for dissecting openings, economic releases, or your own bespoke “important” bars with laboratory precision.
PIP Algorithm
# **Script Overview (For Non-Coders)**
1. **Purpose**
- The script tries to capture the essential “shape” of price movement by selecting a limited number of “key points” (anchors) from the latest bars.
- After selecting these anchors, it draws straight lines between them, effectively simplifying the price chart into a smaller set of points without losing major swings.
2. **How It Works, Step by Step**
1. We look back a certain number of bars (e.g., 50).
2. We start by drawing a straight line from the **oldest** bar in that range to the **newest** bar—just two points.
3. Next, we find the bar whose price is *farthest away* from that straight line. That becomes a new anchor point.
4. We “snap” (pin) the line to go exactly through that new anchor. Then we re-draw (re-interpolate) the entire line from the first anchor to the last, in segments.
5. We repeat the process (adding more anchors) until we reach the desired number of points. Each time, we choose the biggest gap between our line and the actual price, then re-draw the entire shape.
6. Finally, we connect these anchors on the chart with red lines, visually simplifying the price curve.
3. **Why It’s Useful**
- It highlights the most *important* bends or swings in the price over the chosen window.
- Instead of plotting every single bar, it condenses the information down to the “key turning points.”
4. **Key Takeaway**
- You’ll see a small number of red line segments connecting the **most significant** points in the price data.
- This is especially helpful if you want a simplified view of recent price action without minor fluctuations.
## **Detailed Logic Explanation**
# **Script Breakdown (For Coders)**
//@version=5
indicator(title="PIP Algorithm", overlay=true)
// 1. Inputs
length = input.int(50, title="Lookback Length")
num_points = input.int(5, title="Number of PIP Points (≥ 3)")
// 2. Helper Functions
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
// reInterpSubrange(...):
// Given two “anchor” indices in `linesArr`, linearly interpolate
// the array values in between so that the subrange forms a straight line
// from linesArr to linesArr .
reInterpSubrange(linesArr, segmentLeft, segmentRight) =>
float leftVal = array.get(linesArr, segmentLeft)
float rightVal = array.get(linesArr, segmentRight)
int segmentLen = segmentRight - segmentLeft
if segmentLen > 1
for i = segmentLeft + 1 to segmentRight - 1
float ratio = (i - segmentLeft) / segmentLen
float interpVal = leftVal + (rightVal - leftVal) * ratio
array.set(linesArr, i, interpVal)
// reInterpolateAllSegments(...):
// For the entire “linesArr,” re-interpolate each subrange between
// consecutive breakpoints in `lineBreaksArr`.
// This ensures the line is globally correct after each new anchor insertion.
reInterpolateAllSegments(linesArr, lineBreaksArr) =>
array.sort(lineBreaksArr, order.asc)
for i = 0 to array.size(lineBreaksArr) - 2
int leftEdge = array.get(lineBreaksArr, i)
int rightEdge = array.get(lineBreaksArr, i + 1)
reInterpSubrange(linesArr, leftEdge, rightEdge)
// getMaxDistanceIndex(...):
// Return the index (bar) that is farthest from the current “linesArr.”
// We skip any indices already in `lineBreaksArr`.
getMaxDistanceIndex(linesArr, closeArr, lineBreaksArr) =>
float maxDist = -1.0
int maxIdx = -1
int sizeData = array.size(linesArr)
for i = 1 to sizeData - 2
bool isBreak = false
for b = 0 to array.size(lineBreaksArr) - 1
if i == array.get(lineBreaksArr, b)
isBreak := true
break
if not isBreak
float dist = math.abs(array.get(linesArr, i) - array.get(closeArr, i))
if dist > maxDist
maxDist := dist
maxIdx := i
maxIdx
// snapAndReinterpolate(...):
// "Snap" a chosen index to its actual close price, then re-interpolate the entire line again.
snapAndReinterpolate(linesArr, closeArr, lineBreaksArr, idxToSnap) =>
if idxToSnap >= 0
float snapVal = array.get(closeArr, idxToSnap)
array.set(linesArr, idxToSnap, snapVal)
reInterpolateAllSegments(linesArr, lineBreaksArr)
// 3. Global Arrays and Flags
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
// We store final data globally, then use them outside the barstate.islast scope to draw lines.
var float finalCloseData = array.new_float()
var float finalLines = array.new_float()
var int finalLineBreaks = array.new_int()
var bool didCompute = false
var line pipLines = array.new_line()
// 4. Main Logic (Runs Once at the End of the Current Bar)
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
if barstate.islast
// A) Prepare closeData in forward order (index 0 = oldest bar, index length-1 = newest)
float closeData = array.new_float()
for i = 0 to length - 1
array.push(closeData, close )
// B) Initialize linesArr with a simple linear interpolation from the first to the last point
float linesArr = array.new_float()
float firstClose = array.get(closeData, 0)
float lastClose = array.get(closeData, length - 1)
for i = 0 to length - 1
float ratio = (length > 1) ? (i / float(length - 1)) : 0.0
float val = firstClose + (lastClose - firstClose) * ratio
array.push(linesArr, val)
// C) Initialize lineBreaks with two anchors: 0 (oldest) and length-1 (newest)
int lineBreaks = array.new_int()
array.push(lineBreaks, 0)
array.push(lineBreaks, length - 1)
// D) Iteratively insert new breakpoints, always re-interpolating globally
int iterationsNeeded = math.max(num_points - 2, 0)
for _iteration = 1 to iterationsNeeded
// 1) Re-interpolate entire shape, so it's globally up to date
reInterpolateAllSegments(linesArr, lineBreaks)
// 2) Find the bar with the largest vertical distance to this line
int maxDistIdx = getMaxDistanceIndex(linesArr, closeData, lineBreaks)
if maxDistIdx == -1
break
// 3) Insert that bar index into lineBreaks and snap it
array.push(lineBreaks, maxDistIdx)
array.sort(lineBreaks, order.asc)
snapAndReinterpolate(linesArr, closeData, lineBreaks, maxDistIdx)
// E) Save results into global arrays for line drawing outside barstate.islast
array.clear(finalCloseData)
array.clear(finalLines)
array.clear(finalLineBreaks)
for i = 0 to array.size(closeData) - 1
array.push(finalCloseData, array.get(closeData, i))
array.push(finalLines, array.get(linesArr, i))
for b = 0 to array.size(lineBreaks) - 1
array.push(finalLineBreaks, array.get(lineBreaks, b))
didCompute := true
// 5. Drawing the Lines in Global Scope
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
// We cannot create lines inside barstate.islast, so we do it outside.
array.clear(pipLines)
if didCompute
// Connect each pair of anchors with red lines
if array.size(finalLineBreaks) > 1
for i = 0 to array.size(finalLineBreaks) - 2
int idxLeft = array.get(finalLineBreaks, i)
int idxRight = array.get(finalLineBreaks, i + 1)
float x1 = bar_index - (length - 1) + idxLeft
float x2 = bar_index - (length - 1) + idxRight
float y1 = array.get(finalCloseData, idxLeft)
float y2 = array.get(finalCloseData, idxRight)
line ln = line.new(x1, y1, x2, y2, extend=extend.none)
line.set_color(ln, color.red)
line.set_width(ln, 2)
array.push(pipLines, ln)
1. **Data Collection**
- We collect the **most recent** `length` bars in `closeData`. Index 0 is the oldest bar in that window, index `length-1` is the newest bar.
2. **Initial Straight Line**
- We create an array called `linesArr` that starts as a simple linear interpolation from `closeData ` (the oldest bar’s close) to `closeData ` (the newest bar’s close).
3. **Line Breaks**
- We store “anchor points” in `lineBreaks`, initially ` `. These are the start and end of our segment.
4. **Global Re-Interpolation**
- Each time we want to add a new anchor, we **re-draw** (linear interpolation) for *every* subrange ` [lineBreaks , lineBreaks ]`, ensuring we have a globally consistent line.
- This avoids the “local subrange only” approach, which can cause clustering near existing anchors.
5. **Finding the Largest Distance**
- After re-drawing, we compute the vertical distance for each bar `i` that isn’t already a line break. The bar with the biggest distance from the line is chosen as the next anchor (`maxDistIdx`).
6. **Snapping and Re-Interpolate**
- We “snap” that bar’s line value to the actual close, i.e. `linesArr = closeData `. Then we globally re-draw all segments again.
7. **Repeat**
- We repeat these insertions until we have the desired number of points (`num_points`).
8. **Drawing**
- Finally, we connect each consecutive pair of anchor points (`lineBreaks`) with a `line.new(...)` call, coloring them red.
- We offset the line’s `x` coordinate so that the anchor at index 0 lines up with `bar_index - (length - 1)`, and the anchor at index `length-1` lines up with `bar_index` (the current bar).
**Result**:
You get a simplified representation of the price with a small set of line segments capturing the largest “jumps” or swings. By re-drawing the entire line after each insertion, the anchors tend to distribute more *evenly* across the data, mitigating the issue where anchors bunch up near each other.
Enjoy experimenting with different `length` and `num_points` to see how the simplified lines change!
William Fractals + SignalsWilliams Fractals + Trading Signals
This indicator identifies Williams Fractals and generates trading signals based on price sweeps of these fractal levels.
Williams Fractals are specific candlestick patterns that identify potential market turning points. Each fractal requires a minimum of 5 bars (2 before, 1 center, 2 after), though this indicator allows you to customize the number of bars checked.
Up Fractal (High Point) forms when you have a center bar whose HIGH is higher than the highs of 'n' bars before and after it. For example, with n=2, you'd see a pattern where the center bar's high is higher than 2 bars before and 2 bars after it. The indicator also recognizes patterns where up to 4 bars after the center can have equal highs before requiring a lower high.
Down Fractal (Low Point) forms when you have a center bar whose LOW is lower than the lows of 'n' bars before and after it. For example, with n=2, you'd see a pattern where the center bar's low is lower than 2 bars before and 2 bars after it. The indicator also recognizes patterns where up to 4 bars after the center can have equal lows before requiring a higher low.
Trading Signals:
The indicator generates signals when price "sweeps" these fractal levels:
Buy Signal (Green Triangle) triggers when price sweeps a down fractal. This requires price to go BELOW the down fractal's low level and then CLOSE ABOVE it . This pattern often indicates a failed breakdown and potential reversal upward.
Sell Signal (Red Triangle) triggers when price sweeps an up fractal. This requires price to go ABOVE the up fractal's high level and then CLOSE BELOW it. This pattern often indicates a failed breakout and potential reversal downward.
Customizable Settings:
1. Periods (default: 10) - How many bars to check before and after the center bar (minimum value: 2)
2. Maximum Stored Fractals (default: 1) - How many fractal levels to keep in memory. Older levels are removed when this limit is reached to prevent excessive signals and maintain indicator performance.
Important Notes:
• The indicator checks the actual HIGH and LOW prices of each bar, not just closing prices
• Fractal levels are automatically removed after generating a signal to prevent repeated triggers
• Signals are only generated on bar close to avoid false triggers
• Alerts include the ticker symbol and the exact price level where the sweep occurred
Common Use Cases:
• Identifying potential reversal points
• Finding stop-hunt levels where price might reverse
• Setting stop-loss levels above up fractals or below down fractals
• Trading failed breakouts/breakdowns at fractal levels
Salman Indicator: Multi-Purpose Price ActionSalman Indicator: Multi-Purpose Price Action Tool for Pin Bars, Breakouts, and VWAP Anchoring
This indicator provides a comprehensive suite of price action insights, designed for active traders looking to identify key market structures and potential reversals. The script incorporates a Quarterly VWAP for trend bias, marks pin bars for possible reversal points, highlights outside bars for volatility signals, and indicates simple breakouts and pivot-level breaks. Customizable settings allow for flexibility in various trading styles, with default settings optimized for daily charts.
Outside Bars : Represented by an ⤬ symbol on the chart, these indicate bars where the current high is greater than the previous bar’s high, and the low is lower than the previous bar’s low, signaling high volatility and potential market reversals.
Pin Bars : Denoted by a small dot at the top or bottom of a candle’s wick, these are crucial signals of potential reversal areas. Pin bars are identified based on the percentage length of their shadows, with adjustable strictness in settings.
Quarterly VWAP : The light blue line on the chart represents the VWAP (Volume-Weighted Average Price), which is anchored to the Quarterly period by default. The VWAP acts as a directional bias filter, helping you to determine underlying market trends. This period, source, and offset are fully adjustable in the script’s settings.
Simple Breaks : Hollow candles on the chart indicate "simple breaks," defined when the current bar closes above the previous high or below the previous low. This is an effective way to highlight directional momentum in the market.
Bonus Pivot Breaks : The tilde symbol ~ appears when the price closes above or below prior pivot high/low levels, helping traders spot significant breakout or breakdown points relative to recent pivots.
Alerts
Simple Breaks : Alerts you when a breakout occurs beyond the previous bar’s high or low. Pin Bars : Notifies you of potential reversal points as indicated by bullish or bearish pin bars. Outside Bars : Triggers an alert whenever an outside bar is detected, indicating possible volatility changes.
How to Use
VWAP for Trend Bias : Use the Quarterly VWAP line to gauge overall market trend, with settings that allow adjustment to daily, weekly, monthly, or even larger time frames.
Pin Bars for Reversal Potential : Look for the dot markers on candle wicks, where the strictness of the pin bar detection can be adjusted via settings to match your trading preference.
Simple and Pivot Breaks for Momentum : Watch for hollow candles and the tilde symbol ~ as indicators of potential breakout momentum and pivot break levels, respectively.
This script can serve traders on multiple timeframes, from daily to weekly and beyond. The flexible configuration allows for adjustments in VWAP anchoring and pin bar criteria, providing a tailored fit for individual trading strategies.
D9 IndicatorD9 Indicator
Category
Technical Indicators
Overview
The D9 Indicator is designed to identify potential trend reversals by counting the number of consecutive closes that are higher or lower than the close four bars earlier. This indicator highlights key moments in the price action where a trend might be exhausting and potentially reversing, providing valuable insights for traders.
Features
Up Signal: Plots a downward triangle or a cross above the bar when the count of consecutive closes higher than the close four bars earlier reaches 7, 8, or 9.
Down Signal: Plots an upward triangle or a checkmark below the bar when the count of consecutive closes lower than the close four bars earlier reaches 7, 8, or 9.
Visual Signals
Red Downward Triangle (7): Indicates the seventh consecutive bar with a higher close.
Red Downward Triangle (8): Indicates the eighth consecutive bar with a higher close.
Red Cross (❌): Indicates the ninth consecutive bar with a higher close, suggesting a potential bearish reversal.
Green Upward Triangle (7): Indicates the seventh consecutive bar with a lower close.
Green Upward Triangle (8): Indicates the eighth consecutive bar with a lower close.
Green Checkmark (✅): Indicates the ninth consecutive bar with a lower close, suggesting a potential bullish reversal.
Usage
The D9 Indicator is useful for traders looking for visual cues to identify potential trend exhaustion and reversals. It can be applied to any market and timeframe, providing flexibility in various trading strategies.
How to Read
When a red cross (❌) appears above a bar, it may signal an overextended uptrend and a potential bearish reversal.
When a green checkmark (✅) appears below a bar, it may signal an overextended downtrend and a potential bullish reversal.
Example
When the price has consecutively closed higher than four bars ago for nine bars, a red cross (❌) will appear above the ninth bar. This suggests that the uptrend might be exhausting, and traders could look for potential short opportunities. Conversely, when the price has consecutively closed lower than four bars ago for nine bars, a green checkmark (✅) will appear below the ninth bar, indicating a potential buying opportunity.
chrono_utilsLibrary "chrono_utils"
Collection of objects and common functions that are related to datetime windows session days and time
ranges. The main purpose of this library is to handle time-related functionality and make it easy to reason about a
future bar checking if it will be part of a predefined session and/or inside a datetime window. All existing session
functionality I found in the documentation e.g. "not na(time(timeframe, session, timezone))" are not suitable for
strategy scripts, since the execution of the orders is delayed by one bar, due to the script execution happening at
the bar close. Moreover, a history operator with a negative value that looks forward is not allowed in any pinescript
expression. So, a prediction for the next bar using the bars_back argument of "time()"" and "time_close()" was
necessary. Thus, I created this library to overcome this small but very important limitation. In the meantime, I
added useful functionality to handle session-based behavior. An interesting utility that emerged from this
development is the data anomaly detection where a comparison between the prediction and the actual value is happening.
If those two values are different then a data inconsistency happened between the prediction bar and the actual bar
(probably due to a holiday, half session day, a timezone change etc..)
exTimezone(timezone)
exTimezone - Convert extended timezone to timezone string
Parameters:
timezone (simple string) : - The timezone or a special string
Returns: string representing the timezone
nameOfDay(day)
nameOfDay - Convert the day id into a short nameOfDay
Parameters:
day (int) : - The day id to convert
Returns: - The short name of the day
today()
today - Get the day id of this day
Returns: - The day id
nthDayAfter(day, n)
nthDayAfter - Get the day id of n days after the given day
Parameters:
day (int) : - The day id of the reference day
n (int) : - The number of days to go forward
Returns: - The day id of the day that is n days after the reference day
nextDayAfter(day)
nextDayAfter - Get the day id of next day after the given day
Parameters:
day (int) : - The day id of the reference day
Returns: - The day id of the next day after the reference day
nthDayBefore(day, n)
nthDayBefore - Get the day id of n days before the given day
Parameters:
day (int) : - The day id of the reference day
n (int) : - The number of days to go forward
Returns: - The day id of the day that is n days before the reference day
prevDayBefore(day)
prevDayBefore - Get the day id of previous day before the given day
Parameters:
day (int) : - The day id of the reference day
Returns: - The day id of the previous day before the reference day
tomorrow()
tomorrow - Get the day id of the next day
Returns: - The next day day id
normalize(num, min, max)
normalizeHour - Check if number is inthe range of
Parameters:
num (int)
min (int)
max (int)
Returns: - The normalized number
normalizeHour(hourInDay)
normalizeHour - Check if hour is valid and return a noralized hour range from
Parameters:
hourInDay (int)
Returns: - The normalized hour
normalizeMinute(minuteInHour)
normalizeMinute - Check if minute is valid and return a noralized minute from
Parameters:
minuteInHour (int)
Returns: - The normalized minute
monthInMilliseconds(mon)
monthInMilliseconds - Calculate the miliseconds in one bar of the timeframe
Parameters:
mon (int) : - The month of reference to get the miliseconds
Returns: - The number of milliseconds of the month
barInMilliseconds()
barInMilliseconds - Calculate the miliseconds in one bar of the timeframe
Returns: - The number of milliseconds in one bar
method to_string(this)
to_string - Formats the time window into a human-readable string
Namespace types: DateTimeWindow
Parameters:
this (DateTimeWindow) : - The time window object with the from and to datetimes
Returns: - The string of the time window
method to_string(this)
to_string - Formats the session days into a human-readable string with short day names
Namespace types: SessionDays
Parameters:
this (SessionDays) : - The session days object with the day selection
Returns: - The string of the session day short names
method to_string(this)
to_string - Formats the session time into a human-readable string
Namespace types: SessionTime
Parameters:
this (SessionTime) : - The session time object with the hour and minute of the time of the day
Returns: - The string of the session time
method to_string(this)
to_string - Formats the session time into a human-readable string
Namespace types: SessionTimeRange
Parameters:
this (SessionTimeRange) : - The session time range object with the start and end time of the daily session
Returns: - The string of the session time
method to_string(this)
to_string - Formats the session into a human-readable string
Namespace types: Session
Parameters:
this (Session) : - The session object with the day and the time range selection
Returns: - The string of the session
method init(this, fromDateTime, toDateTime)
init - Initialize the time window object from boolean values of each session day
Namespace types: DateTimeWindow
Parameters:
this (DateTimeWindow) : - The time window object that will hold the from and to datetimes
fromDateTime (int) : - The starting datetime of the time window
toDateTime (int) : - The ending datetime of the time window
Returns: - The time window object
method init(this, refTimezone, chTimezone, fromDateTime, toDateTime)
init - Initialize the time window object from boolean values of each session day
Namespace types: DateTimeWindow
Parameters:
this (DateTimeWindow) : - The time window object that will hold the from and to datetimes
refTimezone (simple string) : - The timezone of reference of the 'from' and 'to' dates
chTimezone (simple string) : - The target timezone to convert the 'from' and 'to' dates
fromDateTime (int) : - The starting datetime of the time window
toDateTime (int) : - The ending datetime of the time window
Returns: - The time window object
method init(this, sun, mon, tue, wed, thu, fri, sat)
init - Initialize the session days object from boolean values of each session day
Namespace types: SessionDays
Parameters:
this (SessionDays) : - The session days object that will hold the day selection
sun (bool) : - Is Sunday a trading day?
mon (bool) : - Is Monday a trading day?
tue (bool) : - Is Tuesday a trading day?
wed (bool) : - Is Wednesday a trading day?
thu (bool) : - Is Thursday a trading day?
fri (bool) : - Is Friday a trading day?
sat (bool) : - Is Saturday a trading day?
Returns: - The session days object
method init(this, unixTime)
init - Initialize the object from the hour and minute of the session time in exchange timezone (syminfo.timezone)
Namespace types: SessionTime
Parameters:
this (SessionTime) : - The session time object with the hour and minute of the time of the day
unixTime (int) : - The unix time
Returns: - The session time object
method init(this, hourInDay, minuteInHour)
init - Initialize the object from the hour and minute of the session time in exchange timezone (syminfo.timezone)
Namespace types: SessionTime
Parameters:
this (SessionTime) : - The session time object with the hour and minute of the time of the day
hourInDay (int) : - The hour of the time
minuteInHour (int) : - The minute of the time
Returns: - The session time object
method init(this, hourInDay, minuteInHour, refTimezone)
init - Initialize the object from the hour and minute of the session time
Namespace types: SessionTime
Parameters:
this (SessionTime) : - The session time object with the hour and minute of the time of the day
hourInDay (int) : - The hour of the time
minuteInHour (int) : - The minute of the time
refTimezone (string) : - The timezone of reference of the 'hour' and 'minute'
Returns: - The session time object
method init(this, startTime, endTime)
init - Initialize the object from the start and end session time in exchange timezone (syminfo.timezone)
Namespace types: SessionTimeRange
Parameters:
this (SessionTimeRange) : - The session time range object that will hold the start and end time of the daily session
startTime (SessionTime) : - The time the session begins
endTime (SessionTime) : - The time the session ends
Returns: - The session time range object
method init(this, startTimeHour, startTimeMinute, endTimeHour, endTimeMinute, refTimezone)
init - Initialize the object from the start and end session time
Namespace types: SessionTimeRange
Parameters:
this (SessionTimeRange) : - The session time range object that will hold the start and end time of the daily session
startTimeHour (int) : - The time hour the session begins
startTimeMinute (int) : - The time minute the session begins
endTimeHour (int) : - The time hour the session ends
endTimeMinute (int) : - The time minute the session ends
refTimezone (string)
Returns: - The session time range object
method init(this, days, timeRanges)
init - Initialize the session object from session days and time range
Namespace types: Session
Parameters:
this (Session) : - The session object that will hold the day and the time range selection
days (SessionDays) : - The session days object that defines the days the session is happening
timeRanges (array) : - The array of all the session time ranges during a session day
Returns: - The session object
method init(this, days, timeRanges, names, colors)
init - Initialize the session object from session days and time range
Namespace types: SessionView
Parameters:
this (SessionView) : - The session view object that will hold the session, the names and the color selections
days (SessionDays) : - The session days object that defines the days the session is happening
timeRanges (array) : - The array of all the session time ranges during a session day
names (array) : - The array of the names of the sessions
colors (array) : - The array of the colors of the sessions
Returns: - The session object
method get_size_in_secs(this)
get_size_in_secs - Count the seconds from start to end in the given timeframe
Namespace types: DateTimeWindow
Parameters:
this (DateTimeWindow) : - The time window object with the from and to datetimes
Returns: - The number of seconds inside the time widow for the given timeframe
method get_size_in_secs(this)
get_size_in_secs - Calculate the seconds inside the session
Namespace types: SessionTimeRange
Parameters:
this (SessionTimeRange) : - The session time range object with the start and end time of the daily session
Returns: - The number of seconds inside the session
method get_size_in_bars(this)
get_size_in_bars - Count the bars from start to end in the given timeframe
Namespace types: DateTimeWindow
Parameters:
this (DateTimeWindow) : - The time window object with the from and to datetimes
Returns: - The number of bars inside the time widow for the given timeframe
method get_size_in_bars(this)
get_size_in_bars - Calculate the bars inside the session
Namespace types: SessionTimeRange
Parameters:
this (SessionTimeRange) : - The session time range object with the start and end time of the daily session
Returns: - The number of bars inside the session for the given timeframe
method is_bar_included(this, offset_forward)
is_bar_included - Check if the given bar is between the start and end dates of the window
Namespace types: DateTimeWindow
Parameters:
this (DateTimeWindow) : - The time window object with the from and to datetimes
offset_forward (simple int) : - The number of bars forward. Default is 1
Returns: - Whether the current bar is inside the datetime window
method is_bar_included(this, offset_forward)
is_bar_included - Check if the given bar is inside the session as defined by the input params (what "not na(time(timeframe.period, this.to_sess_string()) )" should return if you could write it
Namespace types: Session
Parameters:
this (Session) : - The session with the day and the time range selection
offset_forward (simple int) : - The bar forward to check if it is between the from and to datetimes. Default is 1
Returns: - Whether the current time is inside the session
method to_sess_string(this)
to_sess_string - Formats the session days into a session string with day ids
Namespace types: SessionDays
Parameters:
this (SessionDays) : - The session days object
Returns: - The string of the session day ids
method to_sess_string(this)
to_sess_string - Formats the session time into a session string
Namespace types: SessionTime
Parameters:
this (SessionTime) : - The session time object with the hour and minute of the time of the day
Returns: - The string of the session time
method to_sess_string(this)
to_sess_string - Formats the session time into a session string
Namespace types: SessionTimeRange
Parameters:
this (SessionTimeRange) : - The session time range object with the start and end time of the daily session
Returns: - The string of the session time
method to_sess_string(this)
to_sess_string - Formats the session into a session string
Namespace types: Session
Parameters:
this (Session) : - The session object with the day and the time range selection
Returns: - The string of the session
method from_sess_string(this, sess)
from_sess_string - Initialize the session days object from the session string
Namespace types: SessionDays
Parameters:
this (SessionDays) : - The session days object that will hold the day selection
sess (string) : - The session string part that represents the days
Returns: - The session days object
method from_sess_string(this, sess)
from_sess_string - Initialize the session time object from the session string in exchange timezone (syminfo.timezone)
Namespace types: SessionTime
Parameters:
this (SessionTime) : - The session time object that will hold the hour and minute of the time
sess (string) : - The session string part that represents the time HHmm
Returns: - The session time object
method from_sess_string(this, sess, refTimezone)
from_sess_string - Initialize the session time object from the session string
Namespace types: SessionTime
Parameters:
this (SessionTime) : - The session time object that will hold the hour and minute of the time
sess (string) : - The session string part that represents the time HHmm
refTimezone (simple string) : - The timezone of reference of the 'hour' and 'minute'
Returns: - The session time object
method from_sess_string(this, sess)
from_sess_string - Initialize the session time range object from the session string in exchange timezone (syminfo.timezone)
Namespace types: SessionTimeRange
Parameters:
this (SessionTimeRange) : - The session time range object that will hold the start and end time of the daily session
sess (string) : - The session string part that represents the time range HHmm-HHmm
Returns: - The session time range object
method from_sess_string(this, sess, refTimezone)
from_sess_string - Initialize the session time range object from the session string
Namespace types: SessionTimeRange
Parameters:
this (SessionTimeRange) : - The session time range object that will hold the start and end time of the daily session
sess (string) : - The session string part that represents the time range HHmm-HHmm
refTimezone (simple string) : - The timezone of reference of the time ranges
Returns: - The session time range object
method from_sess_string(this, sess)
from_sess_string - Initialize the session object from the session string in exchange timezone (syminfo.timezone)
Namespace types: Session
Parameters:
this (Session) : - The session object that will hold the day and the time range selection
sess (string) : - The session string that represents the session HHmm-HHmm,HHmm-HHmm:ddddddd
Returns: - The session time range object
method from_sess_string(this, sess, refTimezone)
from_sess_string - Initialize the session object from the session string
Namespace types: Session
Parameters:
this (Session) : - The session object that will hold the day and the time range selection
sess (string) : - The session string that represents the session HHmm-HHmm,HHmm-HHmm:ddddddd
refTimezone (simple string) : - The timezone of reference of the time ranges
Returns: - The session time range object
method nth_day_after(this, day, n)
nth_day_after - The nth day after the given day that is a session day (true) in the object
Namespace types: SessionDays
Parameters:
this (SessionDays) : - The session days object with the day selection
day (int) : - The day id of the reference day
n (int) : - The number of days after
Returns: - The day id of the nth session day of the week after the given day
method nth_day_before(this, day, n)
nth_day_before - The nth day before the given day that is a session day (true) in the object
Namespace types: SessionDays
Parameters:
this (SessionDays) : - The session days object with the day selection
day (int) : - The day id of the reference day
n (int) : - The number of days after
Returns: - The day id of the nth session day of the week before the given day
method next_day(this)
next_day - The next day that is a session day (true) in the object
Namespace types: SessionDays
Parameters:
this (SessionDays) : - The session days object with the day selection
Returns: - The day id of the next session day of the week
method previous_day(this)
previous_day - The previous day that is session day (true) in the object
Namespace types: SessionDays
Parameters:
this (SessionDays) : - The session days object with the day selection
Returns: - The day id of the previous session day of the week
method get_sec_in_day(this)
get_sec_in_day - Count the seconds since the start of the day this session time represents
Namespace types: SessionTime
Parameters:
this (SessionTime) : - The session time object with the hour and minute of the time of the day
Returns: - The number of seconds passed from the start of the day until that session time
method get_ms_in_day(this)
get_ms_in_day - Count the milliseconds since the start of the day this session time represents
Namespace types: SessionTime
Parameters:
this (SessionTime) : - The session time object with the hour and minute of the time of the day
Returns: - The number of milliseconds passed from the start of the day until that session time
method is_day_included(this, day)
is_day_included - Check if the given day is inside the session days
Namespace types: SessionDays
Parameters:
this (SessionDays) : - The session days object with the day selection
day (int) : - The day to check if it is a trading day
Returns: - Whether the current day is included in the session days
DateTimeWindow
DateTimeWindow - Object that represents a datetime window with a beginning and an end
Fields:
fromDateTime (series int) : - The beginning of the datetime window
toDateTime (series int) : - The end of the datetime window
SessionDays
SessionDays - Object that represent the trading days of the week
Fields:
days (map) : - The map that contains all days of the week and their session flag
SessionTime
SessionTime - Object that represents the time (hour and minutes)
Fields:
hourInDay (series int) : - The hour of the day that ranges from 0 to 24
minuteInHour (series int) : - The minute of the hour that ranges from 0 to 59
minuteInDay (series int) : - The minute of the day that ranges from 0 to 1440. They will be calculated based on hourInDay and minuteInHour when method is called
SessionTimeRange
SessionTimeRange - Object that represents a range that extends from the start to the end time
Fields:
startTime (SessionTime) : - The beginning of the time range
endTime (SessionTime) : - The end of the time range
isOvernight (series bool) : - Whether or not this is an overnight time range
Session
Session - Object that represents a session
Fields:
days (SessionDays) : - The map of the trading days
timeRanges (array) : - The array with all time ranges of the session during the trading days
SessionView
SessionView - Object that visualize a session
Fields:
sess (Session) : - The Session object to be visualized
names (array) : - The names of the session time ranges
colors (array) : - The colors of the session time ranges
[TTI] High Volume Close (HVC) Setup📜 ––––HISTORY & CREDITS––––
The High Volume Close (HVC) Setup is a specialised indicator designed for the TradingView platform used to identify specific bar. This tool was developed with the objective of identifying a technical pattern that trades have claimed is significant trading opportunities through a unique blend of volume analysis and price action strategies. It is based on the premise that high-volume bars, when combined with specific price action criteria, can signal key market movements.
The HVC is applicable both for swing and longer term trading and as a technical tool it can be used by traders of any asset type (stocks, ETF, crypto, forex etc).
🦄 –––UNIQUENESS–––
The uniqueness of the HVC Setup lies in its flexibility to determine an important price level based on historically important bar. The idea is to identify significant bars (e.g. those who have created the HIGHEST VOLUME: Ever, Yearly, Quarterly and meet additional criteria from the settings) and plot on the chart the close on that day as a significant level as well as theoretical stop loss and target levels. This approach allows traders to discern high volume bars that are contextually significant — a method not commonly found in standard trading tools.
🎯 ––––WHAT IT DOES––––
The HVC Setup indicator performs a series of calculations to identify high volume close bars/bar (HVC bars) based on the user requirements.
These bars are determined based on the highest volume recorded within a user-inputs:
👉 Period (Ever, Yearly, Quarterly) and must meet additional criteria such as:
👉 a minimum percentage Price Change (change is calculated based on a close/close) and
👉 specific Closing Range requirements for the HVC da.
The theory is that this is a significant bar that is important to know where it is on the chart.
The script includes a comparative analysis of the HVC bar's price against historical price highs (all-time, yearly, quarterly), which provides further context and significance to the identified bars. All of these USER input requirement are then taken into account as a condition to identity the High Volume Close Bar (HVC).
The visual representation includes color-coded bar (default is yellow) and lines to delineate these key trading signals. It then draws a blue line for the place where the close ofthe bar is, a red line that would signify a stop loss and 2 target profit levels equal to 2R and 3R of the risked level (close-stop loss). Additional lines can be turned on/off with their coresponding checkboxes in the settings.
If the user chooses "Ever" for Period - the script will look at the first available bar ever in Tradingview - this is generally the IPO bar;
If the users chooses "Yearly" - the script would look at the highest available bar for a completed year;
If the users chooses "Quarterly" - it would do the same for the quarter. (works on daily timeframe only);
While we have not backtested the performance of the script, this methodology has been widely publicised.
🛠️ ––––HOW TO USE IT––––
To utilize the HVC Setup effectively:
👉Customize Input Settings: Choose the HVC period, percentage change threshold, closing range, stop loss distance, and target multiples according to your trading strategy. Use the tick boxes to enable and disable if a given condition is used within the calculation.
👉Identify HVC Bars: The script highlights HVC bars, indicating potential opportunities based on volume and price action analysis.
👉Interpret Targets and Stop Losses: Use the color-coded lines (green for targets, red for stop losses) to guide your trade entries and exits.
👉Contextual Analysis: Always consider the HVC bar signals in conjunction with overall market trends and additional technical indicators for comprehensive trading decisions.
This script is designed to assist traders in identifying high-potential trading setups by using a combination of volume and price analysis, enhancing traditional methods with a unique, algorithmically driven approach.
Price Volume Harmony Indicator [Nasan]The indicator "Price Volume Harmony Indicator " (abbreviated as PVHI) combines relative volume intensity (RVI) and relative price change (PC) to identify potential synergy or divergence between price and volume movements. Let's break down the key components and discuss how to interpret the output:
Relative Volume Intensity (RVI):
It calculates the mean volume intensity using simple moving averages (SMA) of different periods (5, 8, 13, and 144).
It then computes point volume intensity based on the current volume compared to the previous bar's volume.
The final RVI is a combination of mean and point volume intensities.
Relative Price Change (PC):
It calculates the median absolute deviation (MAD) and the price change relative to MAD for three different lengths (5, 8, and 13).
The average relative PC is a weighted combination of the three PC values.
Normalization:
RVI and PC are normalized using Z-scores (standard scores) to bring them to the same scale. This enables easier comparison.
Histogram Plotting:
The RVI and PC are plotted as histograms below the main price chart. Green color bars represent RVI, and blue color bars indicate PC. The RVI bars are light green when the RVI values are decreasing compared to previous bar. Similarly, when PC bars are light blue it indicates that the PC values are decreasing compared to previous bars.
There is a zero line +/- 0.5 SD lines movements above and below the SD lines are practically
significant.
Interpretation :
(1) Strong Bullish Movement :
This is when both the green bars (RVI) and blue bars (PC) increases and are on the same side above zero .
(2) Strong Bearish Movement :
This is when the green bars (RVI) increases and blue bars (PC) decreases. The green bars above zero but blue bars below zero.
(3) Weak Bullish Movement :
This is when the green bars (RVI) decreases and are below zero but the blue bars (PC) increases and are above zero .
(2) Weak Bearish Movement :
This is when both the green bars (RVI) and blue bars (PC) decreases. The green bars and blue bars are below zero.
This output is slightly hard to read but with practice can be read easily.
chrono_utilsLibrary "chrono_utils"
📝 Description
Collection of objects and common functions that are related to datetime windows session days and time ranges. The main purpose of this library is to handle time-related functionality and make it easy to reason about a future bar checking if it will be part of a predefined session and/or inside a datetime window. All existing session functionality I found in the documentation e.g. "not na(time(timeframe, session, timezone))" are not suitable for strategy scripts, since the execution of the orders is delayed by one bar, due to the script execution happening at the bar close. Moreover, a history operator with a negative value that looks forward is not allowed in any pinescript expression. So, a prediction for the next bar using the bars_back argument of "time()"" and "time_close()" was necessary. Thus, I created this library to overcome this small but very important limitation. In the meantime, I added useful functionality to handle session-based behavior. An interesting utility that emerged from this development is data anomaly detection where a comparison between the prediction and the actual value is happening. If those two values are different then a data inconsistency happens between the prediction bar and the actual bar (probably due to a holiday, half session day, a timezone change etc..)
🤔 How to Guide
To use the functionality this library provides in your script you have to import it first!
Copy the import statement of the latest release by pressing the copy button below and then paste it into your script. Give a short name to this library so you can refer to it later on. The import statement should look like this:
import jason5480/chrono_utils/2 as chr
To check if a future bar will be inside a window first of all you have to initialize a DateTimeWindow object.
A code example is the following:
var dateTimeWindow = chr.DateTimeWindow.new().init(fromDateTime = timestamp('01 Jan 2023 00:00'), toDateTime = timestamp('01 Jan 2024 00:00'))
Then you have to "ask" the dateTimeWindow if the future bar defined by an offset (default is 1 that corresponds th the next bar), will be inside that window:
// Filter bars outside of the datetime window
bool dateFilterApproval = dateTimeWindow.is_bar_included()
You can visualize the result by drawing the background of the bars that are outside the given window:
bgcolor(color = dateFilterApproval ? na : color.new(color.fuchsia, 90), offset = 1, title = 'Datetime Window Filter')
In the same way, you can "ask" the Session if the future bar defined by an offset it will be inside that session.
First of all, you should initialize a Session object.
A code example is the following:
var sess = chr.Session.new().from_sess_string(sess = '0800-1700:23456', refTimezone = 'UTC')
Then check if the given bar defined by the offset (default is 1 that corresponds th the next bar), will be inside the session like that:
// Filter bars outside the sessions
bool sessionFilterApproval = view.sess.is_bar_included()
You can visualize the result by drawing the background of the bars that are outside the given session:
bgcolor(color = sessionFilterApproval ? na : color.new(color.red, 90), offset = 1, title = 'Session Filter')
In case you want to visualize multiple session ranges you can create a SessionView object like that:
var view = SessionView.new().init(SessionDays.new().from_sess_string('2345'), array.from(SessionTimeRange.new().from_sess_string('0800-1600'), SessionTimeRange.new().from_sess_string('1300-2200')), array.from('London', 'New York'), array.from(color.blue, color.orange))
and then call the draw method of the SessionView object like that:
view.draw()
🏋️♂️ Please refer to the "EXAMPLE DATETIME WINDOW FILTER" and "EXAMPLE SESSION FILTER" regions of the script for more advanced code examples of how to utilize the full potential of this library, including user input settings and advanced visualization!
⚠️ Caveats
As I mentioned in the description there are some cases that the prediction of the next bar is not accurate. A wrong prediction will affect the outcome of the filtering. The main reasons this could happen are the following:
Public holidays when the market is closed
Half trading days usually before public holidays
Change in the daylight saving time (DST)
A data anomaly of the chart, where there are missing and/or inconsistent data.
A bug in this library (Please report by PM sending the symbol, timeframe, and settings)
Special thanks to @robbatt and @skinra for the constructive feedback 🏆. Without them, the exposed API of this library would be very lengthy and complicated to use. Thanks to them, now the user of this library will be able to get the most, with only a few lines of code!
Trend Lines [LuxAlgo]Our new "Trend Lines" indicator detects and highlights relevant trendlines on the user chart while keeping it free of as much clutter as possible.
The indicator is thought for real-time usage and includes several filters as well as the ability to estimate trendline angles.
🔶 USAGE
Trendlines can act as support/resistance, with a higher number of tests indicating a more significant support/resistance role.
A broken TrendLine can be indicative of a potential trend reversal. The script highlights breaks with a label.
Users can additionally filter trendlines, only showing trendlines whose angles fall within a user set range:
This allows for the removal of potential clutter from the chart but also helps keep steeper or more horizontal trendlines.
🔶 DETAILS
When a swing (pivot point) is found, a Trendline is drawn when certain conditions are fulfilled.
An essential condition is that a Bearish Trendline (red) always occurs on a lower high, while a Bullish Trendline (blue) occurs on a higher low.
Our implementation will first show an initial dotted-styled TrendLine on confirmation, after which a solid-styled secondary TrendLine will develop. The latter will be used for the real-time detection of breaks at that line:
Furthermore, the script allows you to add more conditions:
🔹 Length (Swings)
A swing develops when a high/low is the highest/lowest against x highs/lows on the left AND right of that bar. x can be set by "Length" in settings.
The following images clarify this. The script confirms a swing where the yellow flag is shown; the high (here visualized with a purple label) is the highest point against x bars left and right of that point.
At that moment, this swing is checked against the previous swing. If all conditions are fulfilled, an initial TrendLine is drawn on confirmation.
After that point, a secondary thicker solid line is seen which keeps progressing bar after bar, until:
• a new TrendLine is formed
• the TrendLine is broken
🔹 Breaks between Swings
Once there is confirmation that a TrendLine can be drawn, the script allows you to filter for breakthroughs on that line. This can be set with "Check breaks between"
Disabled : the initial TrendLine is allowed to be pierced:
Check breaks between point A - point B : no breaks are allowed between both Swing points:
Point A - Current bar : no breaks are allowed between the first Swing point and the point of confirmation ('current' bar):
🔹 TrendLine breaks
As mentioned, the secondary TrendLine (solid line) progresses bar after bar until a new TrendLine is formed or the TrendLine is broken. When a TrendLine is broken, the TrendLine stops progressing, but if there isn't a new TrendLine and price return back, the TrendLine will re-appear, potentially giving several signals when the TrendLine is broken again.
Minimal bars allow you to regulate the amount of signals when the TrendLine is broken.
-> The secondary TrendLine must be uninterrupted for at least x bars before a potential break can be considered.
The following example shows 1 signal against 3 by adjusting this setting from 2 to 5:
🔹 Angles
Angles should normally be calculated when the units of the X and Y axis are the same. However, on our charts, the unit of the X-axis is bar_index (bars), and on the Y-axis the unit is price (¥, €, £, $,...).
It is not easy to normalize and create reasonably valid angles. Often certain angle calculations can differ through price changes or volatility.
Our calculate_slope() function tries to make corresponding angles through all bars.
We do this by calculating the difference between the highest/lowest price values in a certain bar range. The bar range is our X-axis, and the price difference is our Y-axis.
Zooming in/out will not change the amount of bars or the price. Since it does change our view on the chart, and thereby how we see the angles, we have included a setting where you can personalize the ratio between X and Y-axis (Angles -> Ratio X-Y axis).
Settings: Angles - Ratio X-Y axis:
🔶 SETTINGS
🔹 Swings
Length: Lookback period for the detection of swing points.
🔹 Trendline validation
Check breaks between :
Disabled : the initial TrendLine is allowed to be pierced
Check breaks between point A - point B : no breaks are allowed between both Swing points
Point A - Current bar : no breaks are allowed between the first Swing point and the point of confirmation ('current' bar)
Source (breaks) : Source which invalidates TrendLine, default: close
🔹 TrendLine breaks
Minimal bars : The secondary TrendLine must be uninterrupted for at least x bars before a potential break can be considered.
🔹 Angles
Show : Toggle labels.
Ratio X-Y axis : Every user has his preferences regarding zoom, chart layout,...
If the shown angles are not according to your expectations, you can adjust this number.
Only TrendLine between : Only allow TrendLines between the minimum and maximum degrees. Set only the minimal and maximum values above 0.
Lower timeframe chartHi all!
I've made this script to help with my laziness (and to help me (and now you) with efficiency). It's purpose is to, without having to change the chart timeframe, being able to view the lower timeframe bars (and trend) within the last chart bar. The defaults are just my settings (It's based on daily bars), so feel free to change them and maybe share yours! It's also based on stocks, which have limited trading hours, but if you want to view this for forex trading I suggest changing the 'lower time frame' to a higher value since it has more trading hours.
The script prints a label chart (ASCII) based on your chosen timeframe and the trend, based on @KivancOzbilgic script SuperTrend The printed ASCII chart has rows (slots) that are based on ATR (14 bars) and empty gaps are removed. The current trend is decided by a percentage of bars (user defined but defaults to 80%, which is really big but let's you be very conservative in defining a trend to be bullish. Set to 50% to have the trend being decided equally or lower to be more conservative in defining a trend to be bearish) that must have a bullish SuperTrend, it's considered to be bearish otherwise. Big price range (based on the ATR for 14 bars) and big volume (true if the volume is bigger than a user defined simple moving average (defaults to 20 bars)) can be disabled for faster execution.
The chart displayed will consist of bars and thicker bars that has a higher volume than the defined simple moving average. The bars that has a 'big range' (user defined value of ATR (14 days) factor that defaults to 0.5) will also have a wick. The characters used are the following:
Green bar = ┼
Green bar with large volume = ╪
Green bar wick = │
Red bar = ╋
Red bar with large volume = ╬
Red bar wick = ┃
Bar with no range = ─
Bar with no range and high volume = ═
Best of trading!
MW Volume ImpulseMW Volume Impulse
Settings
* Moving Average Period: The moving average period used to generate the moving average line for the bar chart. Default=14
* Dot Size: The size of the dot that indicates when the moving average of the CVD is breached. Default=10
* Dot Transparency: The transparency of the dot that indicates when the moving average of the CVD is breached. Default=50
* EMA: The exponential moving average that the price must break through, in addition to the CVD moving
* Accumulation Length: Period used to generate the Cumulative Volume Delta (CVD) for the bar chart. Default=14
Introduction
Velocity = Change in Position over time
Acceleration = Change in Velocity over time
For this indicator, Position is synonymous with the Cumulative Volume Delta (CVD) value. What the indicator attempts to do is to determine when the rate of acceleration of buying or selling volume is changing in either or buying or selling direction in a meaningful way.
Calculations
The CVD, upon which these changes is calculated using candle bodies and wicks. For a red candle, buying volume is calculated by multiplying the volume by the spread percentage of the average of the top and bottom wicks, while Selling Volume is calculated multiplying the volume by the spread percentage of the average of the top and bottom wicks - in addition to the spread percentage of the candle body.
For a green candle, buying volume is calculated by multiplying the volume by the spread percentage of the average of the top and bottom wicks - plus the spread percentage of the candle body - while Selling Volume is calculated using only the spread percentage average of the top and bottom wicks.
How to Interpret
The difference between the buying volume and selling volume is the source of what generates the red and green bars on the indicator. But, more specifically, this indicator uses an exponential moving average of these volumes (14 EMA by default) to determine that actual bar size. The change in this value indicates the velocity of volume and, ultimately, the red and green bars on the indicator.
- When the bar height is zero, that means that there is no velocity, which indicates either a balance between buyers and sellers, or very little volume.
- When the bar height remains largely unchanged from period to period - and not zero - it means that the velocity of volume is constant in one direction. That direction is indicated by the color of the bar. Buyers are dominating when the bars are green, and sellers are dominating when the bars are red.
- When the bar height increases, regardless of bar color, it means that volume is accelerating in a buying direction.
- When the bar height decreases, regardless of bar color, it means that volume is accelerating in a selling direction.
The white line represents the moving average of the bar values, while the red and white - and green and white - dots show when the moving average has been breached by the Cumulative Volume Delta value AND the price has broken the 7 EMA (which is user editable). As with most moving averages, a breach can indicate a move in a bearish or bullish direction, and the sensitivity can be adjusted for differing market conditions
Other Usage Notes and Limitations
For better use of the signal, consider the following,
1. Volume moving below the moving average can indicate that the volume may be ready to exit an overbought condition, especially if the bars were making lower highs prior to the signal - regardless of bar color.
3. Volume moving above the moving average can indicate that the volume may be ready to exit an oversold condition, especially if the bars were making higher lows prior to the signal - regardless of bar color.
Additionally, a green dot that occurs with a positive (green) Cumulative Volume Delta can indicate a buying condition, while a red dot that occurs with a negative (red) Cumulative Volume Delta can indicate a selling condition. What this means is that buying or selling momentum briefly went against the direction of buying or selling Cumulative Volume Delta , but was not strong enough to change the buying or selling direction. In cases like this, once the volume begins to accelerate again in the direction of the buying or selling volume - indicated by a red or green dot - then the price is more likely to favor the direction of the Cumulative Volume Delta and its corresponding acceleration.
Although a red or green signal can indicate a change in direction, this script cannot predict the magnitude or duration of the change. It is best used with accompanying indicators that can be used to confirm a direction change, such as a moving average, or a supply or demand range.
Weis V5 zigzag jayySomehow, I deleted version 5 of the zigzag script. Same name. I have added some older notes describing how the Weis Wave works.
I have also changed the date restriction that stopped the script from working after Dec 31, 2022.
What you see here is the Weis zigzag wave plotted directly on the price chart. This script is the companion to the Weis cumulative wave volume script.
What is a Weis wave? David Weis has been recognized as a Wyckoff method analyst he has written two books one of which, Trades About to Happen, describes the evolution of the now-popular Weis wave. The method employed by Weis is to identify waves of price action and to compare the strength of the waves on characteristics of wave strength. Chief among the characteristics of strength is the cumulative volume of the wave. There are other markers that Weis uses as well for example how the actual price difference between the start of the Weis wave from start to finish. Weis also uses time, particularly when using a Renko chart
David Weis did a futures io video which is a popular source of information about his method. (Search David Weis and futures.io. I strongly suggest you also read “Trades About to Happen” by David Weis.
This will get you up and running more quickly when studying charts. However, you should choose the Traditional method to be true to David Weis technique as described in his book "Trades About to Happen" and in the Futures IO Webcast featuring David Weis
. The Weis pip zigzag wave shows how far in terms of bar close price a Weis wave has traveled through the duration of a Weis wave. The Weis zigzag wave is used in combination with the Weis cumulative volume wave. The two waves should be set to the same "wave size".
To use this script, you must set the wave size: Using the traditional Weis method simply enter the desired wave size in the box "How should wave size be calculated", in this example I am using a traditional wave size of .25. Each wave for each security and each timeframe requires its own wave size. Although not the traditional method devised by David Weis a more automatic way to set wave size would be to use Average True Range (ATR). Using ATR is not the true Weis method but it does give you similar waves and, importantly, without the hassle described above. Once the Weis wave size is set then the zigzag wave will be shown with volume. Because Weis used the closing price of a wave to define waves a line Bar highs and bar lows are not captured by the Weis Wave. The default script setting is now cumulative volume waves using an ATR of 7 and a multiplication factor of .5.
To display volume in a way that does not crowd out neighbouring volumes Weis displayed volume as a maximum of 3 digits (usually). Consider two Weis Wave volumes 176,895,570 and 2,654,763,889. To display wave volume as three digits it is necessary to take a number such as 176,895,570 and truncate it. 176,895,570 can be represented as 177 X 10 to the power of 6. The number displayed must also be relative to other numbers in the field. If the highest volume on the page is: 2,654,763,889 and with only three numbers available to display the result the value shown must be 265 (265 X 10 to the power of 7). Since 176,895,570 is an order of magnitude smaller than 2,654,763,889 therefore 175,895,570 must be shown as 18 instead of 177. In this way, the relative magnitudes of the two volumes can be understood. All numbers in the field of view must be truncated by the same order of magnitude to make the relative volumes understandable. The script attempts to calculate the order of magnitude value automatically. If you see a red number in the field of view it means the script has failed to do the calculation automatically and you should use the manual method – use the dialogue box “Calculate truncated wave value automatically or manually”. Scroll down from the automatic method and select manual. Once "manual" is selected the values displayed become the power values or multipliers for each wave.
Using the manual method you will select a “Multiplier” in the next dialogue box. Scan the field and select the largest value in the field of view (visible chart) is the multiplier of interest. If you select a lower number than the maximum value will see at least one red “up”. If you are too high you will see at least one red “down”. Scroll in the direction recommended or the values on the screen will be totally incorrect. With volume truncated to the highest order values, the eye can quickly get a feel for relative volumes. It also reduces the crowding and overlapping of values on the screen. You can opt to show the full volume to help get a sense of the magnitude of the true volumes.
How does the script determine if a Weis wave is continuing to grow or not?
The script evaluates the closing price of each new bar relative to the "Weis wave size". Suppose the current bar closes at a new low close, within the current down wave, at $30.00. If the Weis wave size is $0.10 then the algorithm will remember the $30.00 close and compare it to the close of the next bar. If the bar close price does not close equal to or lower than $30.00 or close equal to or higher than $30.10 then the wave is still a down wave with a current low of $30.00. This is true even if the bar low is less than $30.00 or the bar high is greater than 30.10 – only the bar’s closing price matters. If a bar's closing price climbs back up to a close of $30.11 then because the closing price has moved more than $0.10 (the Weis wave size) then that is a wave reversal with a new up-trending wave. In the above example if there was currently a downward trending wave and the bar closes were as follows $30.00, $30.09, $30.01, $30.05, $30.10 The wave direction would continue to stay downward trending until the close of $30.10 was achieved. As such $30.00 would be the low and the following closes $30.09, $30.01, $30.05 would be allocated to the new upward-trending wave. If however There was a series of bar closes like this $30.00, $30.09, $30.01, $30.05, $29.99 since none of the closes was equal to above the 10-cent reversal target of $30.10 but instead, a new Weis wave low was achieved ($29.99). As such the closes of $30.09, $30.01, $30.05 would all be attributed to the continued down-trending wave with a current low of $29.99, even though the closing price for the interim bars was above $30.00. Now that the Weis Wave low is now 429.99 then, in order to reverse this continued downtrend price will need to close at or above $30.09 on subsequent bar closes assuming now new low bar close is achieved. With large wave sizes, wave direction can be in limbo for many bars before a close either renews wave direction or reverses it and confirms wave direction as either a reversal or a continuation. On the zig-zag, a wave line and its volume will not be "printed" until a wave reversal is confirmed.
The wave attribution is similar when using other methods to define wave size. If ATR is used for wave size instead of a traditional wave constant size such as $0.10 or $2 or 2000 pips or ... then the wave size is calculated based on current ATR instead of the Weis wave constant (Traditional selected value).
I have the option to display pseudo-Ord volume. In truth, Ord used more traditional zig-zag pivots of bar highs and lows. Waves using closes as pivots can have some significant differences. This difference can be lessened by using smaller time frames and larger wave sizes.
There are other options such to display the delta price or pip size of a Weis Wave, the number of bars in a wave, and a few other options.
tunnel trading betaThe original author of the tunnel trading system: youtuber：Teacher Jin
This is a set of indicators system that trades completely based on the moving average. It belongs to the right trading. The idea is as follows:
(1) Basic trend (major trend)
When the short-term moving average is higher than the long-term moving average, it is an upward trend; otherwise, it is a downward trend.
The tentative short-term moving average is ema12, and the long-term moving average is ema169.
(2) The first type of buying point (or short point): trend establishment
Starting from the bar where the uptrend is established, the first outgoing bar is the first buying point. (Outgoing means that the closing price is higher than the opening price and higher than the high point of the previous bar)
Starting from the bar where the downtrend is established, the first bar to fall is the first shorting point. (Fall means that the closing price is lower than the opening price and lower than the low point of the previous bar)
(3) The second type of buying point (or short point): the buying point when pulling back (or the short point when rebounding)
The buying point at the time of pullback (callback) means that the general trend is up, but the small trend is down. You can buy when it is clear that the down trend is over.
Two concepts need to be defined here: "pullback (callback)" and "end of down trend". The definition of pullback is that when the general trend is rising, bar falls below the long-term moving average, and at this time the short-term moving average is still higher than the long-term moving average; The definition of the end of a down trend is that it is outgoing and ema12 is on the rise.
In the same way, we can know what is the "short point when rebounding":
The big trend is down, but the small trend is up. When it is clear that the rise is over, you can go short.
(4) Setting of Stop Loss and Take Profit
When going long:
Stop Loss Price: The low point of a bar before the buying point.
Stop-profit price: After the stop-loss price is determined, the profit-loss ratio is 3:1 to determine the stop-profit price. (The default value is 3, the user can modify it)
When shorting:
Stop Loss Price: The high point of a bar before the purchase point.
Stop-profit price: After the stop-loss price is determined, the profit-loss ratio is 3:1 to determine the stop-profit level. (The default value is 3, the user can modify it)
Chinese introduction:
隧道交易体系的原作者：油管金老师看盘室
这是一套完全根据均线进行交易的指标体系，属于右侧交易，思路如下：
（1） 基本趋势（大趋势）
短期均线高于长期均线时，是上涨趋势；反之，是下降趋势。
暂定短期均线为ema12，长期均线为ema169。
（2） 第一种买入点（或做空点）：趋势确立
从上涨趋势确立的那根bar开始，第一个出头的bar，是第一买入点。（出头，是指收盘价高于开盘价，且高于前一根bar的高点）
从下降趋势确立的那根bar开始，第一个落尾的bar，是第一做空点。（落尾，是指收盘价低于开盘价，且低于前一根bar的低点）
（3） 第二种买入点（或做空点）：拉回时的买入点（或反弹时的做空点）
拉回时（回调时）的买入点，是指大趋势是上涨，但小趋势是下跌，当明确下跌结束时，可以买入。
这里需要定义2个概念：“拉回（回调）”和“下跌结束”。拉回的定义是，大趋势是上涨时，bar跌破长期均线，此时短期均线仍高于长期均线；下跌结束的定义是，出头且ema12在上升。
同理可知什么是“反弹时的做空点”：
大趋势是下跌，但小趋势是上涨，当明确上涨结束时，可以做空。
（4） 止损位和止盈位的设置
做多时：
止损位：买入点前一根bar的低点。
止盈位：止损位确定后，按盈亏比3:1确定止盈位。（默认值为3，用户可以修改）
做空时：
止损位：买入点前一根bar的高点。
止盈位：止损位确定后，按盈亏比3:1确定止盈位。（默认值为3，用户可以修改）
Strat Structure Engine Strat Structure Engine + Trapped Traders – TradingView Public Library Description (Moderator-Optimized)
Overview:
The Strat Structure Engine + Trapped Traders script is a self-contained price action indicator that identifies high-probability market structure patterns using The Strat methodology. It integrates bar-based structure, volatility (ATR), and volume analysis to detect potential reversals, exhaustion points, and trapped trader scenarios directly on the chart. Unlike generic indicators, it grades signals for reliability and visual clarity, providing actionable insight for traders.
Originality and Purpose:
This script is original because it combines multiple structure-based patterns into a single, coherent system:
3-Bar → Failed 2 (3→F2) – A tiered scoring system evaluates the strength of a strict 3-bar structure followed by a Failed 2 bar.
2-Bar → Failed 2 (2→F2, A+ only) – Filters only the strongest 2-bar setups followed by a Failed 2 for high-confidence reversal signals.
Failed 2 → Failed 2 (Dragon’s Tail / F2→F2) – Detects consecutive Failed 2 bars in opposite directions, signaling trapped traders and quick reversals.
Each pattern is evaluated using objective criteria: bar range relative to ATR, Failed 2 close relative to the preceding structure, body-to-range ratio, and volume spikes compared to recent averages. The combination of multiple patterns with tiered scoring and volume confirmation is unique and cannot be reproduced by simply merging standard indicators.
Signal Evaluation and Scoring:
1. 3→F2 (Tiered Scoring)
Criteria:
3-bar range vs ATR
Failed 2 close relative to 3-bar midpoint
Body-to-range ratio
Volume vs recent SMA
Tier Grades: A+, A, B, —
Purpose: Helps traders prioritize high-confidence reversal setups while filtering out weaker signals.
2. 2→F2 (A+ Only)
Evaluates strict 2-bar structures followed by a Failed 2 bar.
Displays only the strongest A+ setups to reduce noise.
3. F2→F2 (Dragon’s Tail)
Detects consecutive Failed 2 bars in opposite directions.
Highlights trapped trader zones and potential rapid reversals.
Volume and Volatility Integration:
ATR normalization ensures bar ranges are contextualized to market volatility.
SMA volume averaging confirms unusual activity, filtering signals with low participation.
This ensures signals are structurally valid and contextually significant.
Chart and Visual Clarity:
Labels are color-coded (green for bullish, red for bearish) and include tier/score for easy interpretation.
Only confirmed patterns are labeled, avoiding clutter or ambiguous markings.
Works on standard candlestick charts (does not use Heikin Ashi, Renko, or Range bars), ensuring realistic and reliable signals.
Customization and Alerts:
Toggle each pattern on/off: 3→F2, 2→F2, F2→F2
Adjust ATR length and volume average period per instrument or timeframe.
Alerts available for all patterns for bar-close confirmation, enabling real-time monitoring or integration with trading systems.
Practical Trading Use:
Identify exhaustion points, trapped traders, and reversals.
Can be used alongside VWAP, liquidity zones, fair value gaps, and session extremes for enhanced entry and exit decisions.
Focus on A+ / A tier signals for execution; use B-tier signals for context or partial entries.
Designed for multiple instruments (equities, futures, Forex) and adaptable across timeframes.
Compliance and Risk Notes:
Signals are historical, not predictive.
Follow proper risk management and do not rely solely on indicator signals.
Past performance does not guarantee future results.
Does not use request.security() with lookahead; all signals are confirmed on bar close.
✅ Key Advantages:
Fully self-contained, original methodology.
Multi-pattern integration with tiered scoring for reliability.
Volume and ATR confirmation reduces noise and false signals.
Clean, uncluttered chart output that is easy to read and interpret.
This version explicitly addresses moderation points:
Originality: explains why the mashup is necessary and unique.
Usefulness: shows exactly how traders can use it.
Chart clarity: confirms labels are meaningful, non-redundant, and easy to read.
Signal realism: bars are confirmed, no lookahead used.
Candle 2 Closure [LuxAlgo]The Candle 2 Closure tool detects a specific reversal pattern on the chart spanning four bars. The first bar trades into a key price level. The second bar trades outside the first bar's range, but closes inside, indicating a reversal. The third bar closes outside the second bar's range, in the direction of the reversal, creating a price expansion. The fourth bar is a continuation of prices in that same direction.
This tool features key levels, equilibrium zones, and real-time alarms upon confirmation of the second and third candles of the pattern.
This specific part of the more complete Fractal model by TTrades was requested by a lot of you. We are happy to bring it to you and wish you a merry Christmas!
🔶 USAGE
This pattern is a TTrades concept: a reversal setup that is very easy to understand. It occurs when the current bar trades outside of the previous bar's range, but closes inside it. In other words, traders try to push prices outside of the previous bar's range, but fail. This is considered a reversal, meaning that traders encountered opposing forces that overwhelmed them. Thus, the expectation is that prices will trade in the new direction, changing the market bias from bullish to bearish, or vice versa.
Let's look at the example in the chart, where the four candles of this setup are marked. Note that we have selected a perfect setup, where all conditions are met.
Candle 1: This bar traded into a key price area at the top of the range, spanning several months.
Candle 2: This bar traded outside the range of Candle 1, but failed to close outside. This is the reversal.
Candle 3: The wick of this bar formed at or below the equilibrium zone of Candle 2, and it closed outside the range of Candle 2. This is the expansion.
Candle 4: At this point, the setup is complete, and the expectation for this candle is that it will trade in the same direction. The top of the candle is at or below the equilibrium zone of Candle 3. This is the continuation.
In a strong setup, the top or bottom of the next bar will form inside the equilibrium zone defined by the highlighted areas on candles 2 and 3.
This is a perfect bearish setup, featuring all elements. Not all setups will be like this, but when this setup occurs, it is important for traders to be aware of it.
The tool is highly customizable from the settings panel and features real-time alerts at candle 2 and 3 confirmations.
Now, let's take a broader view of the same chart. We have disabled the display of candle 2 and filtered the setups with a length of 50.
As we can see, most of the last 17 setups found on the EUR/USD daily chart lead to multi-day or multi-month price movements.
🔹 Filtering Reversals
The tool features a reversals filter that is disabled by default. This filter allows us to filter out minor reversals and display only those that are important.
Traders can adjust the length parameter to display reversals only at the top or bottom of the last N specified bars. We can see some examples in the chart.
🔹 Wick Threshold
From the settings panel, traders can fine-tune the equilibrium zone for candle 2.
If the wick exceeds the threshold expressed as a percentage of the total bar range, the equilibrium zone will be calculated based only on the wick. In all other cases, the full bar range will be used.
🔶 SETTINGS
Candle 2 (Reversal): Enable or disable Candle 2 reversals.
Candle 3 (Expansion): Enable or disable Candle 3 expansions.
Reversals Filter: Filter reversals as the highest or lowest of the last N bars.
Wick Threshold %: Filter wicks as percentage of total bar range.
🔹 Style
Bullish Color: Select bullish color.
Bearish Color: Select bearish color.
Transparency: Select the transparency level. 0 is solid and 100 is fully transparent.
Levels: Enable or disable the horizontal levels.
Candle 2 Zone: Enable or disable the Candle 2 equilibrium zones.
Candle 3 Zone: Enable or disable the Candle 3 equilibrium zones.
🔹 Alerts
Candle 2 Alerts: Enable or disable Candle 2 alerts.
Candle 3 Alerts: Enable or disable Candle 3 alerts.
Multi-Distribution Volume Profile (Zeiierman)█ Overview
Multi-Distribution Volume Profile (Zeiierman) is a flexible, structure-first volume profile tool that lets you reshape how volume is distributed across price, from classic uniform profiles to advanced statistical curves like Gaussian, Lognormal, Student-t, and more.
Instead of forcing every market into a single "one-size-fits-all" profile, this tool lets you model how volume is likely concentrated inside each bar (body vs wicks, midpoint, tails, center bias, right-skew, heavy tails, etc.) and then stacks that behavior across a whole lookback window to build a rich, multi-distribution map of traded activity.
On top of that, it overlays a dynamic Center Band (value area) and a fade/gradient model that can color each price row by volume, hits, recency, volatility, reversals, or even liquidity voids, turning a plain profile into a multi-dimensional context map.
Highlights
Choose from multiple Profile Build Modes , including uniform, body-only, wick-only, midpoint/close/open, center-weighted, and a suite of probability-style distributions (Gaussian, Lognormal, Weibull, Student-t, etc.)
Flexible anchor layout: draw the profile on Right/Left (horizontal) or Bottom/Top (vertical) to fit any chart layout
Value Area / Center Band computed from volume quantiles around the POC.
Gradient-based Fade Metrics: volume, price hits, freshness (time decay), volatility impact, dwell time, reversal density, compression, and liquidity voids
Separate bullish vs bearish volume at each price row for directional structure insights
█ How It Works
⚪ Profile Construction
The script scans a user-defined Bars Included window and finds the full high–low span of that zone. It then divides this range into a user-controlled number of Price Levels (rows).
For each historical bar within the window:
It measures the candle’s price range, body, and wicks.
It assigns volume to rows according to the selected Profile Build Mode, for example:
* Range Uniform – volume spread evenly across the full high–low range.
* Range Body Only / Range Wick Only – concentrate volume inside the body or wicks only.
* Midpoint / Close / Open Only – allocate volume entirely into one price row (pinpoint modeling).
HL2 / Body Center Weighted – center weights around the middle of the range/body.
Recent-Weighted Volume – amplify newer bars using exponential time decay.
Volume Squared (Hard) – aggressively boost bars with large volume.
Up Bars Only / Down Bars Only – filter volume to only bullish or bearish bars.
For more advanced shapes, the script uses continuous distributions across the bar’s span:
Linear, Triangular, Exponential to High
Cosine Centered, PERT
Gaussian, Lognormal, Cauchy, Laplace
Pareto, Weibull, Logistic, Gumbel
Gamma, Beta, Chi-Square, Student-t, F-Shape
Each distribution produces a weight for each row within the bar’s range, normalized so the total volume remains consistent, but the shape of where that volume lands changes.
⚪ POC & Center Band (Value Area)
Once all rows are accumulated:
The row with the highest total volume becomes the Point of Control (POC)
The script computes cumulative volume and finds the band that wraps a user-defined Center of Profile % (e.g., 68%) around the center of distribution.
This range is displayed as a central band, often treated like a value area where price has spent the most “effort” trading.
⚪ Gradient Fade Engine
Each row also gets a fade metric, chosen in Fade Metric:
Volume – opacity based on relative volume.
Price Hits – how frequently that row was touched.
Blended (Vol+Hits) – average of volume & hits.
Freshness – emphasizes recent activity, controlled by Decay.
Volatility Impact – rows that saw larger ranges contribute more.
Dwell Time – where price “camped” the longest.
Reversal Density – where direction changes cluster.
Compression – tight-range compression zones.
Liquidity Void – inverse of volume (thin liquidity zones).
When Apply Gradient is enabled, the row’s bullish/bearish colors are tinted from faint to strong based on this chosen metric, effectively turning the profile into a heatmap of your chosen structural property.
█ How to Use
⚪ Explore Different Distribution Assumptions
Switch between multiple Profile Build Modes to see how your assumptions about intrabar volume affect structure:
Use Range Uniform for classical profile reading.
Deploy Gaussian, Logistic, or Cosine shapes to emphasize central clustering.
Try Pareto, Lognormal, or F-Shape to focus on tail / extremal activity.
Use Recent-Weighted Volume to prioritize the most recent structural behavior.
This is especially useful for traders who want to test how different modeling assumptions change perceived value areas and levels of interest.
⚪ Identify Value, Acceptance & Rejection Zones
Use the POC and Center of Profile (%) band to distinguish:
High-acceptance zones – wide central band, thick rows, strong gradient → fair value areas
Rejection zones & tails – thin extremes, low dwell time, high volatility or reversal density
These regions can be used as:
Targets and origin zones for mean reversion
Context for breakout validation (leaving value)
Bias reference for intraday rotations or swing rotations
⚪ Read Directional Structure Within the Profile
Because each row is split into bullish vs bearish contributions, you can visually read:
Where buyers dominated a price region (large bullish slice)
Where sellers absorbed or defended (large bearish slice)
Combining this with Fade Metrics like Reversal Density, Dwell Time, or Freshness turns the profile into a structural order-flow map, without needing raw tick-by-tick volume data.
⚪ Use Fade Metrics for Contextual Heatmaps
Each Fade Metric can be used for a different analytical lens:
Volume / Blended – emphasize where volume and activity are concentrated.
Freshness – highlight the most recently active zones that still matter.
Volatility Impact & Compression – spot areas of explosive moves vs coiled ranges.
Reversal Density – locate micro turning points and battle zones.
Liquidity Void – visually pop out thin regions that may act as speedways or magnets.
█ Settings
Profile Build Mode – Selects how each bar’s volume is distributed across its price range (uniform, body/wick, midpoint/close/open, center-weighted, or statistical distribution families).
Bars Included – Number of bars used to build the profile from the current bar backward.
Price Levels – Vertical resolution of the profile: more levels = smoother but heavier.
Anchor Side – Where the profile is drawn on the chart: Right, Left, Bottom, or Top.
Offset (bars) – Horizontal offset from the last bar to the profile when using Right/Left modes.
Apply Gradient – Toggles the fade/heatmap coloring based on the selected metric.
Fade Metric – Chooses the property driving row opacity (Volume, Hits, Freshness, Volatility Impact, Dwell Time, Reversal Density, Compression, Liquidity Void).
Decay – Time-decay factor for Freshness (values close to 1 keep older activity relevant for longer).
Profile Thickness – Relative thickness of the profile along the time axis, as a % of the lookback window.
Center of Profile (%) – Volume percentage used to define the central band (value area) around the POC.
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Disclaimer
The content provided in my scripts, indicators, ideas, algorithms, and systems is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute financial advice, investment recommendations, or a solicitation to buy or sell any financial instruments. I will not accept liability for any loss or damage, including without limitation any loss of profit, which may arise directly or indirectly from the use of or reliance on such information.
All investments involve risk, and the past performance of a security, industry, sector, market, financial product, trading strategy, backtest, or individual's trading does not guarantee future results or returns. Investors are fully responsible for any investment decisions they make. Such decisions should be based solely on an evaluation of their financial circumstances, investment objectives, risk tolerance, and liquidity needs.
Fair Value Gap Signals [Kodexius]Fair Value Gap Signals is an advanced market structure tool that automatically detects and tracks Fair Value Gaps (FVGs), evaluates the quality of each gap, and highlights high value reaction zones with visual metrics and signal markers.
The script is designed for traders who focus on liquidity concepts, order flow and mean reversion. It goes beyond basic FVG plotting by continuously monitoring how price interacts with each gap and by quantifying three key aspects of each zone:
-Entry velocity inside the gap
-Volume absorption during tests
-Structural integrity and depth of penetration
The result is a dynamic, information rich visualization of which gaps are being respected, which are being absorbed, and where potential reversals or continuations are most likely to occur.
All visual elements are configurable, including the maximum number of visible gaps per direction, mitigation method (close or wick) and an ATR based filter to ignore insignificant gaps in low volatility environments.
🔹 Features
🔸 Automated Fair Value Gap Detection
The script detects both bullish and bearish FVGs based on classic three candle logic:
Bullish FVG: current low is strictly above the high from two bars ago
Bearish FVG: current high is strictly below the low from two bars ago
🔸 ATR Based Gap Filter
To avoid clutter and low quality signals, the script can ignore very small gaps using an ATR based filter.
🔸Per Gap State Machine and Lifecycle
Each gap is tracked with an internal status:
Fresh: gap has just formed and has not been tested
Testing: price is currently trading inside the gap
Tested: gap was tested and left, waiting for a potential new test
Rejected: price entered the gap and then rejected away from it
Filled: gap is considered fully mitigated and no longer active
This state machine allows the script to distinguish between simple touches, multiple tests and meaningful reversals, and to trigger different alerts accordingly.
🔸 Visual Ranking of Gaps by Metrics
For each active gap, three additional horizontal rank bars are drawn on top of the gap area:
Rank 1 (Vel): maximum entry velocity inside the gap
Rank 2 (Vol): relative test volume compared to average volume
Rank 3 (Dpt): remaining safety of the gap based on maximum penetration depth
These rank bars extend horizontally from the creation bar, and their length is a visual score between 0 and 1, scaled to the age of the gap. Longer bars represent stronger or more favorable conditions.
🔸Signals and Rejection Markers
When a gap shows signs of rejection (price enters the gap and then closes away from it with sufficient activity), the script can print a signal label at the reaction point. These markers summarize the internal metrics of the gap using a tooltip:
-Velocity percentage
-Volume percentage
-Safety score
-Number of tests
🔸 Flexible Mitigation Logic (Close or Wick)
You can choose how mitigation is defined via the Mitigation Method input:
Close: the gap is considered filled only when the closing price crosses the gap boundary
Wick: a full fill is detected as soon as any wick crosses the gap boundary
🔸 Alert Conditions
-New FVG formed
-Price entering a gap (testing)
-Gap fully filled and invalidated
-Rejection signal generated
🔹Calculations
This section summarizes the main calculations used under the hood. Only the core logic is covered.
1. ATR Filter and Gap Size
The script uses a configurable ATR length to filter out small gaps. First the ATR is computed:
float atrVal = ta.atr(atrLength)
Gap size for both directions is then measured:
float gapSizeBull = low - high
float gapSizeBear = low - high
If useAtrFilter is enabled, gaps smaller than atrVal are ignored. This ties the minimum gap size to the current volatility regime.
2. Fair Value Gap Detection
The basic FVG conditions use a three bar structure:
bool fvgBull = low > high
bool fvgBear = high < low
For bullish gaps the script stores:
-top as low of the current bar
-bottom as high
For bearish gaps:
-top as high of the current bar
-bottom as low
This defines the price range that is considered the imbalance area.
3. Depth and Safety Score
Depth measures how far price has penetrated into the gap since its creation. For each bar, the script computes a currentDepth and updates the maximum depth:
float currentDepth = 0.0
if g.isBullish
if l < g.top
currentDepth := g.top - l
else
if h > g.bottom
currentDepth := h - g.bottom
if currentDepth > g.maxDepth
g.maxDepth := currentDepth
The safety score expresses how much of the gap remains intact:
float depthRatio = g.maxDepth / gapSize
float safetyScore = math.max(0.0, 1.0 - depthRatio)
safetyScore near 1: gap is mostly untouched
safetyScore near 0: gap is mostly or fully filled
4. Velocity Metric
Velocity captures how aggressively price moves inside the gap. It is based on the body to range ratio of each bar that trades within the gap and rewards bars that move in the same direction as the gap:
float barRange = h - l
float bodyRatio = math.abs(close - open) / barRange
float directionBonus = 0.0
if g.isBullish and close > open
directionBonus := 0.2
else if not g.isBullish and close < open
directionBonus := 0.2
float currentVelocity = math.min(bodyRatio + directionBonus, 1.0)
The gap keeps track of the strongest observed value:
if currentVelocity > g.maxVelocity
g.maxVelocity := currentVelocity
This maximum is later used as velScore when building the velocity rank bar.
5. Volume Accumulation and Volume Score
While price is trading inside a gap, the script accumulates the traded volume:
if isInside
g.testVolume += volume
It also keeps track of the number of tests and the volume at the start of the first test:
if g.status == "Fresh"
g.status := "Testing"
g.testCount := 1
g.testStartVolume := volume
An average volume is computed using a 20 period SMA:
float volAvg = ta.sma(volume, 20)
The expected volume is approximated as:
float expectedVol = volAvg * math.max(1, (bar_index - g.index) / 2)
The volume score is then:
float volScore = math.min(g.testVolume / expectedVol, 1.0)
This produces a normalized 0 to 1 metric that shows whether the gap has attracted more or less volume than expected over its lifetime.
6. Rank Bar Scaling
All three scores are projected visually along the time axis as horizontal bars. The script uses the age of the gap in bars as the maximum width:
float maxWidth = math.max(bar_index - g.index, 1)
Then each metric is mapped to a bar length:
int len1 = int(math.max(1, maxWidth * velScore))
g.rankBox1.set_right(g.index + len1)
int len2 = int(math.max(1, maxWidth * volScore))
g.rankBox2.set_right(g.index + len2)
int len3 = int(math.max(1, maxWidth * safetyScore))
g.rankBox3.set_right(g.index + len3)
This creates an intuitive visual representation where stronger metrics produce longer rank bars, making it easy to quickly compare the relative quality of multiple FVGs on the chart.
Adaptive Risk Management [sgbpulse]1. Introduction:
Adaptive Risk Management is an advanced indicator designed to provide traders with a comprehensive risk management tool directly on the chart. Instead of relying on complex manual calculations, the indicator automates all critical steps of trade planning. It dynamically calculates the estimated Entry Price , the Stop Loss location, the required Position Size (Quantity) based on your capital and risk limits, and the three Take Profit targets based on your defined Reward/Risk ratios. The indicator displays all these essential data points clearly and visually on the chart, ensuring you always know the potential risk-reward profile of every trade.
ARM : The A daptive R isk M anagement every trader needs to ARM themselves with.
2. The Critical Importance of Risk Management
Proper risk management is the cornerstone of successful trading. Consistent profitability in the market is impossible without rigorously defining risk limits.
Risk Control: This starts by setting the maximum risk amount you are willing to lose in a single trade (Risk per Trade), and limiting the total capital allocated to the position (Max Capital per Trade).
Defining Boundaries (Stop Loss & Take Profit): It is mandatory to define a technical Stop Loss and a Take Profit target. A fundamental rule of risk management is that the Reward/Risk Ratio (R/R) must be a minimum of 1:1.
3. Core Features, Adaptivity, and Customization
The Adaptive Risk Management indicator is engineered for use across all major trading styles, including Swing Trading, Intraday Trading, and Scalping, providing consistent risk control regardless of the chosen timeframe.
Real-Time Dynamic Adaptivity: The indicator calculates all risk management parameters (Entry, Stop Loss, Quantity) dynamically with every new bar, thus adapting instantly to changing market conditions.
Trend Direction Adjustment: Define the analysis direction (Long/Uptrend or Short/Downtrend).
Intraday Session Data Control: Full control over whether lookback calculations will include data from Extended Trading Hours (ETH), or if the daily calculations will start actively only from the first bar of Regular Trading Hours (RTH).
Status Validation: The indicator performs critical status checks and displays clear Warning Messages if risk conditions are not met.
4. Intuitive Visualization and Real-Time Data
Dynamic Tracking Lines: The Entry Price and Stop Loss lines are updated with every new bar. Crucially, the length of these lines dynamically reflects the calculation's lookback range (e.g., the extent of Lookback Bars or the location of the confirmed Pivot Point), providing a visual anchor for the calculated price.
Risk and Reward Zones: The indicator creates a graphical background fill between Entry and Stop Loss (marked with the risk color) and between Entry and the Reward Targets (marked with the reward color).
Essential Information Labels: Labels are placed at the end of each line, providing critical data: Estimated Entry Price, Stock/Contract Quantity (Quantity), Total Entry Amount, Estimated Stop Loss, Risk per Share, Total Financial Risk (Risk Amount), Exit Amount, Estimated Take Profit 1/2/3, Reward/Risk Ratio 1/2/3, Total Reward 1/2/3, TP Exit Amount 1/2/3.
4.1. Data Window Metrics (16 Full Series)
The indicator displays 16 full data series in the TradingView Data Window, allowing precise tracking of every calculation parameter:
Entry Data: Estimated Entry, Quantity, Entry Amount.
Risk Data (Stop Loss): Estimated Stop Loss, Risk per Share, Risk Amount, Exit Amount.
Reward Data (Take Profit): Estimated Take Profit 1/2/3, Reward/Risk Ratio 1/2/3, Total Reward 1/2/3, TP Exit Amount 1/2/3.
4.2. Instant Tracking in the Status Line
The indicator displays 6 critical parameters continuously in the indicator's Status Line: Estimated Entry, Quantity, Estimated Stop Loss, Estimated Take Profit 1/2/3.
5. Detailed Indicator Inputs
5.1 General
Focused Trend: Defines the analysis direction (Uptrend / Downtrend).
Max Capital per Trade: The maximum amount allocated to purchasing stocks/contracts (in account currency).
Risk per Trade: The maximum amount the user is willing to risk in this single trade (in account currency).
ATR Length: The lookback period for the Average True Range (ATR) calculation.
5.2 Intraday Session Data Control
Regular Hours Limitation : If enabled, all daily lookback calculations (for Entry/Stop Loss anchor points) will begin strictly from the first Regular Trading Hours (RTH) bar. This limits the lookback range to the current RTH session, excluding preceding Extended Trading Hours (ETH) data. Only relevant for Intraday charts. Default: False (Off)
5.3 Entry Inputs
Entry Method: Selects the entry price calculation method:
Current Price: Uses the closing price of the current bar as the estimated entry point (Market Entry).
ATR Real Bodies Margin :
- Uptrend: Calculates the Maximum Real Body over the lookback period + the calculated safety margin.
- Downtrend: Calculates the Minimum Real Body over the lookback period - the calculated safety margin.
ATR Bars Margin :
- Uptrend: Calculates the Maximum High price over the lookback period + the calculated safety margin.
- Downtrend: Calculates the Minimum Low price over the lookback period - the calculated safety margin.
Lookback Bars: The number of bars used to calculate the extremes in the ATR-based entry methods (Relevant only for ATR Real Bodies Margin and ATR Bars Margin methods).
ATR Multiplier (Entry): The multiplier applied to the ATR value. The result of the multiplication is the calculated safety margin used to determine the estimated Entry Price.
5.4 Risk Inputs (Stop Loss)
Risk Method: Selects the Stop Loss price calculation method.
ATR Current Price Margin :
- Uptrend: Entry Price - the calculated safety margin.
- Downtrend: Entry Price + the calculated safety margin.
ATR Current Bar Margin :
- Uptrend: Current Bar's Low price - the calculated safety margin.
- Downtrend: Current Bar's High price + the calculated safety margin.
ATR Bars Margin :
- Uptrend: Lowest Low over lookback period - the calculated safety margin.
- Downtrend: Highest High over lookback period + the calculated safety margin.
ATR Pivot Margin :
- Uptrend: The first confirmed Pivot Low point - the calculated safety margin.
- Downtrend: The first confirmed Pivot High point + the calculated safety margin.
Lookback Bars: The lookback period for finding the extreme price used in the 'ATR Bars Margin' calculation.
ATR Multiplier (Risk): The multiplier applied to the ATR value. The result of the multiplication is the calculated safety margin used to place the estimated Stop Loss. Note: If set to 0, the Stop Loss will be placed exactly at the technical anchor point, provided the Minimum Margin Value is also 0.
Minimum Margin Value: The minimum price value (e.g., $0.01) the Stop Loss margin buffer must be.
Pivot (Left / Right): The number of bars required on either side of the pivot bar for confirmation (relevant only for the ATR Pivot Margin method).
5.5 Reward Inputs (Take Profit)
Show Take Profit 1/2/3: ON/OFF switch to control the visibility of each Take Profit target.
Reward/Risk Ratio 1/ 2/ 3: Defines the R/R ratio for the profit target. Must be ≥1.0.
6. Indicator Status/Warning Messages
In situations where the Stop Loss location cannot be calculated logically and validly, often caused by a mismatch between the configured Focused Trend (Uptrend/Downtrend) and the actual price action, the indicator will display a warning message, explaining the reason and suggesting corrective action.
Status Message 1: Pivot reference unavailable
Condition: The Stop Loss is set to the "ATR Pivot Margin" method, but the anchor point (Pivot) is missing or inaccessible.
Message Displayed: "Pivot reference unavailable. Wait for valid price action, or adjust the Regular Hours Limitation setting or Pivot Left/Right inputs."
Status Message 2: Calculated Stop Loss is unsafe
Condition: The calculated Stop Loss is placed illogically or unsafely relative to the trend direction and the Entry price.
Message Displayed: "Calculated Stop Loss is unsafe for current trend. Wait for valid price action or adjust SL Lookback/Multiplier."
7. Summary
The Adaptive Risk Management (ARM) indicator provides a seamless and systematic approach to trade execution and risk control. By dynamically automating all critical trade parameters—from Entry Price and Stop Loss placement to Position Sizing and Take Profit targets—ARM removes emotional bias and ensures every trade adheres strictly to your predefined risk profile.
Key Benefits:
Systematic Risk Control: Strict enforcement of maximum capital allocation and risk per trade limits.
Adaptivity: Dynamic calculation of prices and quantities based on real-time market data (ATR and Lookback).
Clarity and Trust: Clear on-chart visualization, precise data metrics (16 series), and unambiguous Status/Warning Messages ensure transparency and reliability.
ARM allows traders to focus on strategy and analysis, confident that their execution complies with the core principles of professional risk management.
Important Note: Trading Risk
This indicator is intended for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice or a recommendation for trading in any form whatsoever.
Trading in financial markets involves significant risk of capital loss. It is important to remember that past performance is not indicative of future results. All trading decisions are your sole responsibility. Never trade with money you cannot afford to lose.
BB Breakout-Momentum + Reversion Strategies# BB Breakout-Momentum + Reversion Strategies
## Overview
This indicator combines two complementary Bollinger Band trading strategies that automatically adapt to market conditions. Strategy 1 capitalizes on trending markets with breakout-pullback-momentum setups, while Strategy 2 exploits mean reversion in ranging markets. Advanced filtering using ADX and BB Width ensures each strategy only fires in its optimal market environment.
---
## Strategy 1: Breakout → Pullback → Renewed Momentum (Long B / Short B)
### Best Market Conditions
- **Trending Markets**: ADX ≥ 25
- **High Volatility**: BB Width ≥ 1.0× average
- Directional price action with sustained momentum
### Entry Logic
**Long B (Bullish Breakout):**
1. **Initial Breakout**: Price breaks above upper Bollinger Band with strong momentum
2. **Controlled Pullback**: Price pulls back 1-12 bars but holds above lower band (stays in trend)
3. **Defended Zone**: Pullback creates a support zone based on swing lows (validated by multiple touches)
4. **Renewed Momentum**: Price reclaims with green candle, volume confirmation, bullish MACD
5. **Position Check**: Entry must have cushion below upper band and room to reach targets
**Short B (Bearish Breakdown):**
- Mirror logic for downtrends: breakdown below lower band, pullback stays below upper band, renewed selling pressure
### Risk Management
- **Stop Loss**: Lower of (zone floor/previous low) OR (1.5 × ATR from entry)
- **Targets**:
- T1: Entry + 0.85R (0.85 × 1.5 ATR)
- T2: Entry + 1.40R (1.40 × 1.5 ATR)
- T3: Entry + 2.50R (2.50 × 1.5 ATR)
- T4: Entry + 4.50R (4.50 × 1.5 ATR)
- Risk is calculated using ATR (ATRX = 1.5 ATR), stop uses tighter of structural level (ATRL) or ATRX
---
## Strategy 2: Bollinger Band Mean Reversion (Long R / Short R)
### Best Market Conditions
- **Ranging Markets**: ADX ≤ 20
- **Low Volatility**: BB Width ≤ 0.8× average
- Price oscillating around the mean without sustained trend
### Entry Logic
**Long R (Long Reversion):**
1. **Overextension**: Price breaks below lower Bollinger Band (2 consecutive closes)
2. **Snap Back**: Price crosses back above lower band (re-enters the range)
3. **Entry Window**: Within 2 candles of re-entry, look for:
- **Green candle** (close > open) confirming bullish strength
- Close above previous candle (close > close )
4. **Trigger**: First qualifying candle within 2-bar window executes the trade
**Short R (Short Reversion):**
1. **Overextension**: Price breaks above upper Bollinger Band (2 consecutive closes)
2. **Snap Back**: Price crosses back below upper band (re-enters the range)
3. **Entry Window**: Within 2 candles of re-entry, look for:
- **Red candle** (close < open) confirming bearish pressure
- Close below previous candle (close < close )
4. **Trigger**: First qualifying candle within 2-bar window executes the trade
### Risk Management
- **Stop Loss**: Lower of (previous high/low) OR (1.5 × ATR from entry)
- **Targets**: Same as Strategy 1 (0.85R, 1.4R, 2.5R, 4.5R based on 1.5 ATR)
- Betting on return to Bollinger Band basis (mean)
---
## Advanced Filtering System
### ADX Filter (Average Directional Index)
- **Purpose**: Measures trend strength vs choppy/ranging conditions
- **Trending**: ADX ≥ 25 → Enables Strategy 1 (Breakout)
- **Ranging**: ADX ≤ 20 → Enables Strategy 2 (Reversion)
- **Neutral**: ADX 20-25 → No signals (indecisive market)
### BB Width Filter
- **Purpose**: Confirms volatility expansion/contraction
- **Wide Bands**: Current width ≥ 1.0× 50-bar average → Trending environment
- **Narrow Bands**: Current width ≤ 0.8× 50-bar average → Ranging environment
- **Logic**: Both ADX and BB Width must agree on market state before signaling
### Combined Logic
- **Strategy 1 fires**: When BOTH ADX shows trending AND bands are wide
- **Strategy 2 fires**: When BOTH ADX shows ranging AND bands are narrow
- **Visual Display**: Table at bottom-right shows ADX value, BB Width ratio, and current market state
---
## Visual Elements
### Bollinger Bands
- **Gray line**: 20-period SMA (basis/mean)
- **Green line**: Upper band (basis + 2 standard deviations)
- **Red line**: Lower band (basis - 2 standard deviations)
### Strategy 1 Markers
- **Long B**: Green triangle below bar with "Long B" text
- **Short B**: Orange triangle above bar with "Short B" text
- **Defended Zones**: Green/red boxes showing pullback support/resistance areas
- **Targets**: Green/orange crosses showing T1-T4 and stop loss levels
### Strategy 2 Markers
- **Long R**: Blue label below bar with "Long R" text
- **Short R**: Purple label above bar with "Short R" text
- **Trade Levels**: Horizontal lines extending 50 bars forward
- Blue solid = Entry price
- Red dashed = Stop loss
- Green/Orange dotted = Targets (T1-T4)
### Market State Table
- **ADX**: Current value with color coding (green=trending, orange=ranging, gray=neutral)
- **BB Width**: Ratio vs 50-bar average (e.g., "1.15x" = 15% wider than average)
- **State**: TREND / RANGE / NEUTRAL classification
---
## Settings & Customization
### Bollinger Bands
- **BB Length**: 20 (default) - period for moving average
- **BB Std Dev**: 2.0 (default) - standard deviation multiplier
### ATR & Risk
- **ATR Length**: 14 (default) - period for Average True Range calculation
- All stop losses and targets are derived from 1.5 × ATR
### Trend/Range Filters
- **ADX Length**: 14 (default)
- **ADX Trending Threshold**: 25 (higher = stronger trend required)
- **ADX Ranging Threshold**: 20 (lower = tighter ranging condition)
- **BB Width Average Length**: 50 (period for comparing current width)
- **BB Width Trend Multiplier**: 1.0 (width must be ≥ this × average)
- **BB Width Range Multiplier**: 0.8 (width must be ≤ this × average)
- **Use ADX Filter**: Toggle on/off
- **Use BB Width Filter**: Toggle on/off
### Strategy 1 (Breakout-Momentum)
- **Breakout Lookback**: 15 bars (how far back to search for initial breakout)
- **Min Pullback Bars**: 1 (minimum consolidation period)
- **Max Pullback Bars**: 12 (maximum consolidation period)
- **Show Defended Zone**: Display support/resistance boxes
- **Show Signals**: Display Long B / Short B markers
- **Show Targets**: Display stop loss and target levels
### Strategy 2 (Reversion)
- **Show Signals**: Display Long R / Short R markers
- **Show Trade Levels**: Display entry, stop, and target lines
---
## How to Use This Indicator
### Step 1: Identify Market State
- Check the table in bottom-right corner
- **TREND**: Look for Strategy 1 signals (Long B / Short B)
- **RANGE**: Look for Strategy 2 signals (Long R / Short R)
- **NEUTRAL**: Wait for clearer conditions
### Step 2: Wait for Signal
- Signals only fire when ALL conditions are met (structural + momentum + filters + room-to-target)
- Signals are relatively rare but high-probability
### Step 3: Execute Trade
- **Entry**: Close of signal candle
- **Stop Loss**: Shown as red cross (Strategy 1) or red dashed line (Strategy 2)
- **Targets**: Scale out at T1, T2, T3, T4 or hold for maximum R:R
### Step 4: Management
- Consider moving stop to breakeven after T1
- Trail stop using swing lows/highs in Strategy 1
- Exit full position at T2-T3 in Strategy 2 (mean reversion has limited upside)
---
## Key Principles
### Why This Works
1. **Market Adaptation**: Uses right strategy for right conditions (trend vs range)
2. **Confluence**: Multiple confirmations required (structure + momentum + volatility + room)
3. **Risk-Defined**: Every trade has pre-calculated stop and targets based on ATR
4. **Probability**: Filters reduce noise and increase win rate by waiting for ideal setups
### Common Pitfalls to Avoid
- ❌ Taking signals in NEUTRAL market state (indicators disagree)
- ❌ Overriding the stop loss (it's calculated for a reason)
- ❌ Expecting signals on every swing (quality over quantity)
- ❌ Using Strategy 1 in ranging markets or Strategy 2 in trending markets
- ❌ Ignoring the room-to-target check (signal won't fire if targets are blocked)
### Complementary Analysis
This indicator works best when combined with:
- Higher timeframe trend analysis
- Key support/resistance levels
- Volume analysis
- Market structure (swing highs/lows)
- Risk management rules (position sizing, max daily loss, etc.)
---
## Technical Details
### Indicators Used
- **Bollinger Bands**: 20-period SMA ± 2 standard deviations
- **ATR**: 14-period Average True Range for volatility measurement
- **ADX**: 14-period Average Directional Index for trend strength
- **EMA**: 10 and 20-period exponential moving averages (Strategy 1 filter)
- **MACD**: 12/26/9 settings (Strategy 1 momentum confirmation)
- **Volume**: Compared to 15-bar average (Strategy 1 confirmation)
### Calculation Methodology
- **ATRL** (Structural Risk): Previous swing high/low or defended zone boundary
- **ATRX** (ATR Risk): 1.5 × 14-period ATR from entry price
- **Stop Loss**: Minimum of ATRL and ATRX (tightest protection)
- **Targets**: Always calculated from ATRX (consistent R-multiples)
- **BB Width Ratio**: Current BB width ÷ 50-period SMA of BB width
---
## Performance Notes
### Strengths
- Adapts to changing market conditions automatically
- Clear, objective entry and exit criteria
- Pre-defined risk on every trade
- Filters reduce false signals significantly
- Works across multiple timeframes and instruments
### Limitations
- Signals are infrequent (by design - quality over quantity)
- Requires patience to wait for all conditions to align
- May miss explosive moves if pullback doesn't form properly (Strategy 1)
- Ranging markets can transition to trending (Strategy 2 risk)
- Filters may delay entry in fast-moving markets
### Best Timeframes
- **Strategy 1**: 1H, 4H, Daily (needs time for proper pullback structure)
- **Strategy 2**: 15M, 30M, 1H (mean reversion works best intraday)
- Both strategies can work on any timeframe if market conditions are right
### Best Instruments
- **Liquid markets**: Major stocks, indices, forex pairs, liquid crypto
- **Sufficient volatility**: ATR should be meaningful relative to price
- **Clear trend/range cycles**: Markets that respect technical levels
---
## IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER
### Risk Warning
**TRADING INVOLVES SUBSTANTIAL RISK OF LOSS AND IS NOT SUITABLE FOR ALL INVESTORS.**
This indicator is provided for **educational and informational purposes only**. It does not constitute financial advice, investment advice, trading advice, or any other sort of advice. You should not treat any of the indicator's content as such.
### No Guarantee of Profit
Past performance is not indicative of future results. No trading strategy, including this indicator, can guarantee profits or protect against losses. The market is inherently unpredictable and all trading involves risk.
### User Responsibility
- **Do Your Own Research**: Always conduct your own analysis before making trading decisions
- **Test First**: Backtest and paper trade this strategy before risking real capital
- **Risk Management**: Never risk more than you can afford to lose
- **Position Sizing**: Use appropriate position sizes relative to your account
- **Stop Losses**: Always use stop losses and respect them
- **Market Conditions**: Understand that market conditions change and past behavior may not repeat
### No Liability
The creator of this indicator accepts no liability for any financial losses incurred through the use of this tool. All trading decisions are made at your own risk. You are solely responsible for evaluating the merits and risks associated with the use of any trading systems, signals, or content provided.
### Not Financial Advice
This indicator does not take into account your personal financial situation, investment objectives, risk tolerance, or specific needs. You should consult with a licensed financial advisor before making any investment decisions.
### Technical Limitations
- Indicators can repaint or lag in real-time
- Past signals may look different than real-time signals
- Code bugs or errors may exist despite testing
- TradingView platform limitations may affect functionality
### Market Risks
- Markets can gap, causing stops to be executed at worse prices
- Slippage and commissions can significantly impact results
- High volatility can cause unexpected losses
- Counterparty risk exists in all leveraged products
---
## Version History
- **v1.0**: Initial release combining breakout-momentum and mean reversion strategies
- Includes ADX and BB Width filtering
- ATRL/ATRX risk calculation system
- 2-candle entry window for reversion trades
---
## Credits & License
This indicator combines concepts from classical technical analysis including Bollinger Bands (John Bollinger), ATR (Welles Wilder), and ADX (Welles Wilder). The specific implementation and combination of filters is original work.
**Use at your own risk. Trade responsibly.**
---
*For questions, suggestions, or to report bugs, please comment below or contact the author.*
**Remember: The best indicator is the one between your ears. Use this tool as part of a comprehensive trading plan, not as a standalone solution.**
White Crow**White Crow — cluster reversal signals + market structure**
> Indicator that helps you read market structure (pivots, trend, last extremes) and spot potential reversals through CCI/RSI signal clusters. This is *not* a standalone trading system and does not guarantee any result — it is a tool for filtering and confirming your own market ideas.
---
## 1. Concept
White Crow combines three core blocks:
1. **Pivots & market structure**
Automatically detects **local tops/bottoms** and derives a *Bullish / Bearish / Sideways* bias from them.
In the top-right corner you see a compact panel with current trend and **Last Bottom / Last Top** prices.
2. **Momentum & overbought/oversold zones**
Inside, the indicator uses:
* **CCI** with fixed levels `+100 / -100`;
* an optional **RSI filter** with overbought/oversold levels (`80 / 20`).
These generate basic *Buy / Close* signals.
3. **Cluster signals Buy X / CloseV**
The script tracks **clusters of signals inside a 4-bar window** and highlights rarer, “amplified” events:
* **Buy X** — cluster buy signal (multiple buy conditions in a row);
* **CloseV** — cluster signal for exit/reversal.
**Buy X and CloseV are the strongest and most reliable signals in this indicator** because they are based on repeated conditions rather than a single bar. They work **best on higher timeframes (1H–4H)**, where they reflect meaningful shifts in order flow instead of noise.
> ⚠️ Important: Buy X and CloseV are *only signals*. They must be used as **one of several confirmation factors** for your own view of market structure (support/resistance, trend, price action, volume, etc.), not as standalone reasons to enter or exit trades.
---
## 2. How it works
### 2.1. Pivots and trend detection
* The indicator builds a **zigzag-like structure**:
after a local high, once price retraces down by a given percentage (`pivotSigma`), a **Top** is marked;
after a local low, once price retraces up by the same percentage, a **Bottom** is marked.
* Using the sequence of recent tops and bottoms, the script determines the trend:
* *Bullish* — the last low is higher than the previous one (HL);
* *Bearish* — the last high is lower than the previous one (LH);
* otherwise — *Sideways*.
* The info table shows:
* **Market Trend** — Bullish / Bearish / Sideways;
* **Last Bottom / Last Top** with adaptive decimal precision (works for crypto, FX, stocks, etc.).
### 2.2. Base Buy / Close signals
* **Long condition (Buy):**
* `CCI < -100` (oversold),
* if RSI filter is enabled — `RSI < 20`.
* **Short/Exit condition (Close):**
* `CCI > +100` (overbought),
* if RSI filter is enabled — `RSI > 80`.
These conditions generate the regular **Buy** and **Close** labels on the chart.
### 2.3. Clusters: Buy X and CloseV
To reduce noise, the indicator evaluates not only the current bar, but also the **last 4 bars**:
* `buy_count` — how many times the long condition was true within the last 4 bars;
* `sell_count` — how many times the short condition was true within the last 4 bars.
Then:
* **Buy X** appears when:
* `buy_count ≥ 2` (conditions for Buy were met on at least 2 of the last 4 bars),
* the time filter between two Buy X signals is satisfied (`Min Bars Between Signals`).
* **CloseV** appears when:
* `sell_count ≥ 2`,
* the required number of bars has passed since the previous CloseV.
> ✅ This is why **Buy X / CloseV are stronger and more trustworthy than single Buy/Close signals**, especially on **1H–4H** timeframes: the market confirms the same overbought/oversold condition several times in a row.
### 2.4. Order Blocks
* When `Show Order Blocks` is enabled, the indicator highlights **impulsive candles** whose body exceeds a threshold based on ATR.
* Colored rectangles mark **potential order blocks** (areas where strong buying or selling previously occurred).
## 3. Inputs and customization
Inputs are grouped in TradingView-friendly categories.
### 3.1. Pivot Settings
* `Show Pivots` — enable/disable **Top / Bottom** markers.
* `Sigma (% retracement)` — pivot sensitivity (minimum retracement in % required to confirm a pivot).
* Colors for Top/Bottom — for visual tuning.
**Tip:**
On H1–H4 you can keep near-default values.
On lower timeframes, reduce `Sigma` if you want more detailed local structure.
### 3.2. CCI / RSI Settings
* `CCI Period` — CCI length (short by default for faster reaction).
* `Enable RSI Filter` / `RSI Period` — toggle and length for RSI filter.
* RSI levels are fixed at **20 / 80** to mark strong oversold/overbought zones.
**Usage:**
* For more conservative entries — keep the RSI filter enabled.
* For more frequent signals (e.g. scalping) — you can disable the RSI filter.
### 3.3. Order Blocks
* `Show Order Blocks` — display order block zones.
* `Block Threshold (ATR multiplier)` — how large a candle must be (vs ATR) to be considered significant.
### 3.4. Signals & Filters
* `Show Buy / Show Buy X / Show Close / Show CloseV` — choose which labels you want to see.
* `Enable Time Filter` — enable minimum spacing between amplified signals.
* `Min Bars Between Signals` — how many bars must pass between two Buy X or two CloseV signals.
**Tip:**
If you see too many amplified signals, increase `Min Bars Between Signals`.
If you want more activity, decrease it.
### 3.5. Alerts
* `Buy Alerts / Buy X Alerts / Close Alerts / CloseV Alerts` — choose which signal types should trigger alerts.
* `One Alert Per Bar` — when enabled, alerts are triggered only once per bar (recommended for H1–H4).
Alerts are generated via `alert()`, with messages that include signal type, ticker, timeframe and current price.
---
## 4. How to trade with White Crow
### 4.1. Recommended timeframes
* 📌 **Main focus: 1H–4H.**
On these timeframes:
* pivots and trend are more stable;
* CCI/RSI reflect meaningful swings;
* **Buy X / CloseV clusters** filter out a lot of intrabar noise.
You can still experiment on M1–M15, but expect more signals and more sensitivity to noise.
### 4.2. Reading the signals step by step
1. **Start with context**
* Look at **Market Trend / Last Bottom / Last Top** in the info panel.
* See where price is relative to these points: near resistance, near support, inside a range, etc.
2. **Identify zones of interest**
* Use pivots and order blocks as potential support/resistance areas.
* Wait for price to approach these zones.
3. **Watch the signals**
* **Buy** — early sign of local oversold conditions.
* **Buy X** — amplified cluster signal; more weight than a single Buy.
* **Close** — early warning of potential exhaustion in the current move.
* **CloseV** — amplified cluster exit/reversal signal.
4. **Practical approach**
* In a *Bullish* trend:
* focus on **Buy / Buy X** near bottoms and demand blocks;
* use **Close / CloseV** for partial profit-taking or tightening stops.
* In a *Bearish* trend:
* focus on **Close / CloseV** near tops and supply blocks;
* use **Buy / Buy X** mainly for countertrend scalps with strict risk control.
---
## 5. Important notes and disclaimer
1. **Buy X / CloseV are stronger — but not “magic” signals.**
They are statistically more meaningful than single Buy/Close signals because:
* they require multiple confirmations within a cluster;
* they are time-filtered.
However, **false signals are still possible**, especially in news spikes and low-liquidity conditions.
2. **Best performance on higher timeframes (1H–4H).**
Here, Buy X and CloseV usually reflect genuine shifts in supply/demand rather than micro noise.
3. **This is a confirmation tool, not a complete system.**
Pro Trading White Crow:
* does not manage risk;
* does not define position size or stop-loss;
* does not replace your own analysis.
Always use its signals as **one of several confluence factors** together with structure, trend, price action, volume, and your trading plan.
4. **Educational purpose only.**
This script and description are for educational and analytical purposes only.
They **do not constitute investment advice or a guarantee of profit**.
You are fully responsible for all trading decisions and risk management.
---
---
## White Crow — кластерные сигналы разворота + структура рынка
> Индикатор помогает читать рыночную структуру (пивоты, тренд, последние экстремумы) и находить потенциальные развороты через кластеры сигналов CCI/RSI. Это *не* готовая торговая система и *не* гарантия результата — а инструмент для фильтрации и подтверждения ваших собственных идей по рынку.
---
## 1. Концепция
White Crow объединяет три ключевых блока:
1. **Пивоты и структура рынка**
Автоматически находит **локальные вершины и впадины** и на их основе формирует трендовое смещение: *Bullish / Bearish / Sideways*.
В правом верхнем углу — компактная панель с текущим трендом и ценами **Last Bottom / Last Top**.
2. **Моментум и зоны перегрева**
Внутри используются:
* **CCI** с фиксированными уровнями `+100 / -100`;
* опциональный **фильтр RSI** с уровнями перепроданности/перекупленности (`20 / 80`).
По ним строятся базовые сигналы *Buy / Close*.
3. **Кластерные сигналы Buy X / CloseV**
Скрипт отслеживает **кластеры сигналов внутри окна в 4 бара** и выделяет более редкие, «усиленные» события:
* **Buy X** — кластерный сигнал покупки (несколько buy-условий подряд);
* **CloseV** — кластерный сигнал выхода/разворота.
Именно **Buy X и CloseV являются наиболее сильными и достоверными сигналами индикатора**, так как возникают при повторяющемся выполнении условий, а не на одном баре. Лучше всего они работают **на старших таймфреймах (1–4 часа)**, где отражают реальное смещение баланса спроса/предложения, а не рыночный шум.
> ⚠️ Важно: Buy X и CloseV — *это всего лишь сигналы*. Они должны использоваться **как один из факторов подтверждения** вашего видения структуры рынка (уровни, тренд, price action, объём и т.д.), а не как единственная причина для входа или выхода.
---
## 2. Как это работает
### 2.1. Пивоты и определение тренда
* Индикатор строит **структуру в стиле зигзага**:
после локального максимума, когда цена откатывает вниз на заданный процент (`pivotSigma`), отмечается **Top**;
после локального минимума, когда цена откатывает вверх на тот же процент, отмечается **Bottom**.
* По последовательности последних вершин и впадин определяется тренд:
* *Bullish* — последний минимум выше предыдущего (HL);
* *Bearish* — последний максимум ниже предыдущего (LH);
* иначе — *Sideways*.
* В информационной таблице отображаются:
* **Market Trend** — Bullish / Bearish / Sideways;
* **Last Bottom / Last Top** с адаптивным количеством знаков (подходит под крипту, форекс, акции и т.д.).
### 2.2. Базовые сигналы Buy / Close
* **Условие для Buy (лонг):**
* `CCI < -100` (зона перепроданности),
* при включённом фильтре — `RSI < 20`.
* **Условие для Close (шорт/выход):**
* `CCI > +100` (зона перекупленности),
* при включённом фильтре — `RSI > 80`.
По этим условиям индикатор рисует обычные метки **Buy** и **Close**.
### 2.3. Кластеры: Buy X и CloseV
Чтобы отсеять лишний шум, индикатор оценивает не только текущий бар, но и **4 последних бара**:
* `buy_count` — сколько раз условие на покупку выполнялось за последние 4 бара;
* `sell_count` — сколько раз условие на продажу/выход выполнялось за последние 4 бара.
Далее:
* **Buy X** появляется, когда:
* `buy_count ≥ 2` (минимум на 2 из 4 баров были условия для покупки),
* соблюдён фильтр по времени между усиленными сигналами (`Min Bars Between Signals`).
* **CloseV** появляется, когда:
* `sell_count ≥ 2`,
* прошло достаточно баров с момента предыдущего CloseV.
> ✅ Поэтому **Buy X и CloseV заметно сильнее и надёжнее одиночных Buy/Close**, особенно на **таймфреймах 1–4 часа**: рынок несколько раз подряд подтверждает один и тот же перегрев/разрядку момента.
### 2.4. Order Blocks
* При включённом `Show Order Blocks` индикатор выделяет **импульсные свечи**, чьё тело больше заданного множителя ATR.
* По таким свечам строятся цветные прямоугольники — **потенциальные блоки ордеров** (области поддержек/сопротивлений, где ранее проходил крупный объём).
---
## 3. Настройки и кастомизация
Настройки сгруппированы в привычные разделы TradingView.
### 3.1. Pivot Settings
* `Show Pivots` — включить/выключить метки **Top / Bottom**.
* `Sigma (% retracement)` — чувствительность к пивотам (минимальная глубина отката в процентах).
* Цвета Top/Bottom — визуальная настройка.
**Совет:**
На H1–H4 можно оставить значения близкие к стандартным.
На младших ТФ уменьшайте `Sigma`, если нужна более детальная структура.
### 3.2. CCI / RSI Settings
* `CCI Period` — период CCI (по умолчанию короткий, для более быстрой реакции).
* `Enable RSI Filter` / `RSI Period` — включение и длина RSI-фильтра.
* Уровни RSI фиксированы: **20 / 80**, выделяя сильную перепроданность/перекупленность.
**Использование:**
* Для более консервативной торговли — держите фильтр RSI включённым.
* Для более частых сигналов (скальпинг и т.п.) — можно фильтр отключить.
### 3.3. Order Blocks
* `Show Order Blocks` — отображение блоков ордеров.
* `Block Threshold (ATR multiplier)` — насколько большой должна быть свеча относительно ATR, чтобы считаться значимой.
### 3.4. Signals & Filters
* `Show Buy / Show Buy X / Show Close / Show CloseV` — выбор типов отображаемых меток.
* `Enable Time Filter` — включение минимального интервала между усиленными сигналами.
* `Min Bars Between Signals` — сколько баров должно пройти между двумя Buy X или двумя CloseV.
**Совет:**
Если усиленных сигналов слишком много — увеличьте `Min Bars Between Signals`.
Если хотите больше активности — уменьшите это значение.
### 3.5. Alerts
* `Buy Alerts / Buy X Alerts / Close Alerts / CloseV Alerts` — выбор типов сигналов для алертов.
* `One Alert Per Bar` — при включении алерты отправляются один раз на бар (рекомендуется для H1–H4).
Алерты формируются через `alert()` с сообщением, включающим тип сигнала, тикер, таймфрейм и текущую цену.
---
## 4. Как использовать White Crow в торговле
### 4.1. Рекомендуемые таймфреймы
* 📌 **Основной фокус: 1–4 часа.**
На этих ТФ:
* структура по пивотам и тренд более стабильны;
* CCI/RSI отражают существенные ценовые колебания;
* кластеры **Buy X / CloseV** лучше отсеивают шум.
На M1–M15 индикатор тоже можно применять, но нужно быть готовым к большему количеству сигналов и чувствительности к микродвижениям.
### 4.2. Пошаговое чтение сигналов
1. **Начните с контекста**
* Посмотрите на **Market Trend / Last Bottom / Last Top** в панели.
* Определите, где находитесь относительно этих уровней: у сопротивления, у поддержки, внутри диапазона и т.п.
2. **Найдите зоны интереса**
* Используйте пивоты и order blocks как потенциальные области спроса/предложения.
* Ждите подхода цены к этим зонам.
3. **Отслеживайте сигналы**
* **Buy** — ранний признак локальной перепроданности.
* **Buy X** — усиленный кластерный сигнал, более значимый, чем одиночный Buy.
* **Close** — ранний сигнал возможного ослабления текущего движения.
* **CloseV** — усиленный кластерный сигнал выхода/разворота.
4. **Практическое применение**
* В *бычьем* тренде:
* фокус на **Buy / Buy X** возле впадин и зон спроса;
* **Close / CloseV** использовать для частичной фиксации и подтягивания стопа.
* В *медвежьем* тренде:
* фокус на **Close / CloseV** возле вершин и зон предложения;
* **Buy / Buy X** — для аккуратных контртрендовых входов с жестким риском.
---
## 5. Важные замечания и дисклеймер
1. **Buy X / CloseV сильнее, но не «волшебные» сигналы.**
Они статистически более значимы, чем одиночные Buy/Close, потому что:
* требуют нескольких подтверждений в кластере;
* фильтруются по времени.
Однако **ложные срабатывания всё равно возможны**, особенно на новостях и в условиях низкой ликвидности.
2. **Оптимальная область применения — старшие ТФ (1–4 часа).**
Здесь Buy X и CloseV обычно отражают реальное изменение баланса спроса/предложения, а не шум.
3. **Это инструмент подтверждения, а не полноценная система.**
Pro Trading White Crow:
* не управляет рисками;
* не считает размер позиции и уровень стоп-лосса;
* не заменяет ваше собственное видение рынка.
Всегда используйте его сигналы **как один из факторов согласованности** вместе со структурой, трендом, price action, объёмом и персональным торговым планом.
4. **Образовательный характер.**
Скрипт и описание предназначены для обучения и анализа графиков.
Они **не являются инвестиционной рекомендацией и не гарантируют прибыль**.
Вы самостоятельно принимаете все торговые решения и несёте полную ответственность за риск.
---
Volume essential parameters overlayVolume EPO – Essential Volume Parameters Overlay
1. Motivation and design philosophy
Volume EPO is designed as a conceptual overlay rather than a self contained trading system. The main idea behind this script is to take complex, foundational market concepts out of heavy, menu driven strategies and express them as lightweight, independent layers that sit on top of any chart or indicator.
In many TradingView scripts, a single strategy tries to handle everything at once: signal logic, risk settings, visual cues, multi timeframe controls, and conceptual explanations. This usually leads to long input menus, performance issues, and difficult maintenance. The architectural approach behind Volume EPO is the opposite: keep the core strategy lean, and move the explanation and measurement of key concepts into dedicated overlays.
In this framework, Volume EPO is the base layer for the concept of volume. It does not decide anything about entries or exits. Instead, it exposes and clarifies how different definitions of volume behave candle by candle. Other layers or strategies can then build on top of this understanding.
2. What Volume EPO does
Volume EPO focuses on four essential volume parameters for each bar:
- Buy volume - Sell volume - Total volume - Delta volume (the difference between buy and sell volume)
The script presents these parameters in a compact heads up display (HUD) table that can be positioned anywhere on the chart. It is designed to be visually minimal, language aware, and usable on top of any other indicator or price action without cluttering the view.
The indicator does not output signals, alerts, arrows, or strategy entries. It is a descriptive and educational tool that shows how volume is distributed, not a prescriptive tool that tells the trader what to do.
3. Two definitions of volume
A central theme of this script is that there is more than one way to define and interpret “volume” inside a single candle. Volume EPO implements and clearly separates two different approaches:
- A geometric, candle based approximation that uses only OHLC and volume of the current bar. - An intrabar, data driven definition that uses lower timeframe up and down volume when it is available.
The user can switch between these modes via the calculation method input. The mode is prominently shown inside the on chart table so that the context is always explicit.
3.1 Geometry mode (Source File, approximate)
In Geometry mode, Volume EPO works only with the current bar’s OHLC values and total volume. No lower timeframe data is required.
The candle’s range is defined as high minus low. If the range is positive, the position of the close inside that range is used as a simple model for how volume might have been distributed between buyers and sellers:
- The closer the close is to the high, the more of the total volume is attributed to the buying side. - The closer the close is to the low, the more of the total volume is attributed to the selling side. - In a rare case where the bar has no price range (for example a flat or doji bar), total volume is split evenly between buy and sell volume.
From this model, the script derives:
- Buy volume (approximated) - Sell volume (approximated) - Total volume (as reported by the bar) - Delta volume as the difference between buy and sell volume
This approach is intentionally labeled as “Geometry (Approx)” in the HUD. It is a theoretical reconstruction based solely on the candle’s geometry and total volume, and it is always available on any market or timeframe that provides OHLCV data.
3.2 Intrabar mode (Precise)
In Intrabar mode, Volume EPO uses the TradingView built in library for up and down volume on a user selected lower timeframe. Instead of inferring volume from the shape of the candle, it reads the underlying lower timeframe data when that data is accessible.
The script requests up and down volume from a lower timeframe such as 15 seconds, using the official TA library functions. The results are then interpreted as follows:
- Buy volume is taken as the absolute value of the up volume. - Sell volume is taken as the absolute value of the down volume. - Total volume is the sum of buy and sell volume. - Delta volume is provided directly by the library as the difference between up and down volume.
If valid lower timeframe data exists for a bar, the bar is counted as covered by Intrabar data. If not, that bar is marked as invalid for this precise calculation and is excluded from the covered count.
This mode is labeled “Precise” in the HUD, together with the selected lower timeframe, because it is anchored in actual intrabar data rather than in a geometric model. It provides a closer view of how buying and selling pressure unfolded inside the bar, at the cost of requiring more data and being dependent on the availability of that data.
4. Coverage, lookback, and what the numbers mean
The top part of the HUD reports not only which volume definition is active, but also an additional line that describes the effective coverage of the data.
In Intrabar (Precise) mode, the script displays:
- “Scanned: N Bars”
Here, N counts how many bars since the indicator was loaded have successfully received valid lower timeframe delta data. It is a measure of how much of the visible history has been truly covered by intrabar information, not a lookback window in the sense of a rolling calculation.
In Geometry mode, the script displays:
- “Lookback: L Bars”
In this extracted layer, the lookback value L is purely descriptive. It does not change how the current bar’s volume is computed, and it is not used in any iterative or statistical calculation inside this script. It is meant as a conceptual label, for example to keep the volume layer consistent with a broader framework where lookback length is a structural parameter.
Summarizing these two fields:
- Scanned tells you how many bars have been processed using real intrabar data. - Lookback is a descriptive parameter in Geometry mode in this specific overlay, not a direct driver of the computations.
5. The HUD layout on the chart
The on chart table is intentionally compact and structured to be read quickly:
- Header: a title identifying the overlay as Volume EPO. - Mode line: explicitly states whether the script is in Precise or Geometry mode, and for Precise mode also shows the lower timeframe used. - Coverage line: - In Precise mode, it shows “Scanned: N Bars”. - In Geometry mode, it shows “Lookback: L Bars”. - Volume block: - A line for buy and sell volume, marked with clear directional symbols. - A line for total volume and the absolute delta, accompanied by the sign of the delta. - Numeric formatting uses human friendly suffixes (for example K, M, B) to keep the display readable. - Footer: the current symbol and a time stamp, adjusted by a user selectable timezone offset so that the HUD can be aligned with the trader’s local time reference.
The table can be positioned anywhere on the chart and resized via inputs, and it supports multiple color themes and languages in order to integrate cleanly into different chart layouts.
6. How to use Volume EPO in practice
Volume EPO is meant to be read together with price action and other tools, not in isolation. Typical uses include:
- Studying how often a strong directional candle is actually supported by dominant buy or sell volume. - Comparing the behavior of delta volume between Geometry and Intrabar definitions. - Building a personal intuition for how intrabar data refines or contradicts the simple candle based approximation. - Feeding these insights into separate, lean strategy scripts that do not need to carry the full explanatory logic of volume inside them.
Because it is an overlay layer, Volume EPO can be stacked with other custom indicators without adding new signals or complexity to their logic. It simply adds a clear and consistent view of volume behavior on top of whatever the trader is already watching.
7. Educational and non signalling nature
Finally, it is important to stress that Volume EPO is not a trading system, not a signal generator, and not financial advice. The script does not tell the user when to enter or exit. It only reports how different definitions of volume describe the current bar.
Deciding whether to trade, how to trade, and which risk parameters to use remains entirely with the user and with their own strategy. Volume EPO provides context and clarity around the concept of volume so that those decisions can be informed by a better understanding of how buying and selling pressure is structured inside each candle.
Note: Even on lower timeframes, every reconstruction of volume remains an approximation, except at the true single tick level. However, the closer the chosen lower timeframe is to a one tick stream, the more accurately it can reflect the underlying order flow and balance between buying and selling pressure.
